基于无线和电力线通信（power line communication, PLC）的双模通信可以实现二者优势互补，被广泛用于智能计量和电力物联网中。针对正交频分复用（orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, OFDM）双模通信系统在新能源低时延业务接入等应用，提出了一种计及非理想信道估计的OFDM子载波分集组合和功率自适应分配算法。首先建立了以业务数据量、传输功率等为约束，以总时延最小化为目标的功率自适应优化分配模型；接着在分集分组的基础上，利用鲸鱼优化算法和阈值回收进行功率优化分配，实现算法复杂度和性能的折中。仿真实验结果表明，提出的算法在满足速率等约束条件下，减小传输平均时延和稳定性，为台区设备状态监测等实时业务数据采集提供更高的性能保障。

Dual-mode communication based on wireless and PLC (power line communication) can complement each other, and is widely used in smart metering and power Internet of Things. For the application of OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) dual-mode communication system in new energy low-latency service access and other applications, an OFDM subcarrier diversity combination and power adaptive allocation algorithm considering the non-ideal channel estimation was proposed. Firstly, an adaptive optimal power allocation model was established with the constraints of service data volume and transmission power and the goal of minimizing the total delay. Then, on the basis of diversity grouping, whale optimization algorithm and threshold recovery were used to optimize power allocation, to achieve the compromise between algorithm complexity and performance. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can reduce the average transmission delay and stability while satisfying constraints such as rate, providing enhanced performance guarantees for real-time data acquisition in applications such as distribution equipment status monitoring.