为研究煤层采空区对上覆隧洞的安全影响，以穿越煤矿采空区的拟建隧洞工程为例，采用上行开采可行性判别、残余移动变形预计、数值模拟及离层突水危险性判别等综合方法，分析了采空区覆岩破断、残余移动变形及离层积水对隧洞围岩变形、稳定性和施工安全性的影响。结果表明：隧洞位于老采空区上方弯曲下沉带内，且老采空区停采时间均10 a以上，岩层移动变形相对充分，沿隧洞轴线残余移动变形值均小于隧洞围岩的允许变形值；受围岩前期采动损伤影响，隧洞围岩开挖变形较无采空区工况下略有增大，最大变形量约15 mm，且隧洞开挖扰动影响集中于洞周20 m范围内，未波及采空覆岩垮落带、裂隙带，即隧洞与下伏采空区相互作用影响较小；隧洞在采空覆岩积水离层之上，隧洞开挖不会诱发离层突涌水，同时，隧洞上方存在较厚的相对隔水层，大气降水及上层滞水向洞内充水的可能性及危害性较小；下伏采空区对该隧洞洞岩变形、稳定性和施工安全影响较小，穿越煤矿采空区隧洞方案整体上安全、可行。研究成果为该隧洞工程设计及施工提供了科学依据，评价方法也可为类似穿越采空区的隧洞工程地质选线具有借鉴和参考。

Taking a proposed tunnel project that crosses a coal mine goaf as an example, comprehensive methods such as feasibility assessment of upward mining, prediction of residual movement deformation, numerical simulation, and risk assessment of water inrush from separated layers were used to analyze the safety impact of coal seam goaf on overlying tunnels. The results show that the tunnel is located within the bending zone of the overlying rock, the stability of the tunnel surrounding rock is less affected by the goaf. Besides, the old goaf has been shut down for more than 10 years, and the rock movement and deformation are relatively sufficient. The residual movement deformation along the tunnel axis are all less than the allowable deformation values of the tunnel surrounding rock. Secondly, affected by the early mining damage of the surrounding rock, the excavation deformation of the tunnel surrounding rock slightly increases compared to the condition without goaf, with a maximum deformation of about 15 mm. Moreover, the disturbance caused by tunnel excavation is concentrated within a range of 20 m around the tunnel, and does not affect the collapse zone and fracture zone of the goaf overlying rock. In other words, the interaction between the tunnel and the underlying goaf has a weak impact. Thirdly, the tunnel is located above the water body in bed separation, and excavation of the tunnel will not induce sudden water inrush from bed separation. At the same time, there is a relatively thick water barrier above the tunnel, which reduces the possibility and harm of atmospheric precipitation and upper stagnant water flowing into the tunnel through mining induced cracks. In summary, the underlying goaf has a relatively small impact on deformation, stability, and construction safety of the tunnel rock, which also means that the tunnel scheme crossing the goaf is generally safe and feasible. The evaluation results of this article can provide scientific basis for the design and construction of the tunnel, and the evaluation methods can provide technical support for the construction of tunnels crossing goaf areas in the future.