依托土岩双元地层地铁车站深基坑工程，通过现场实测数据获得不同施工阶段支护结构及基坑关键部位的变形规律。基于存在邻近建筑物情况建立土岩双元深基坑三维数值模型，对深基坑降水开挖施工后邻近建筑物和远离建筑物侧的围护结构变形受力、地表沉降及支撑轴力变化进行分析，在此基础上对基坑变形受力的影响参数进行敏感性分析，并拟合总结变化规律。研究结果表明：土岩双元深基坑开挖呈现明显的时空效应，时间维度表现为在土层中桩体侧移和地表沉降中发展较为迅速，岩层中发展速率减慢，空间维度表现为坑角效应；桩间距和桩径的改变本质上都是改变围护结构整体刚度和单桩承受外部水土压力大小，桩径小于1.0 m时，邻近建筑物一侧的基坑变形受力敏感程度显著增加；土岩双元地层中土岩结合面岩土体性质差异大，此处的土方超挖、支撑间距和预应力改变更为明显。该研究成果可为类似土岩双元深基坑工程提供有益借鉴。

Relying on a deep foundation pit project of a metro station in a dual soil-rock stratum, the deformation patterns of the supporting structure and key sections of the foundation pit during different construction stages were obtained through on-site measured data. Based on the presence of adjacent buildings, a 3D numerical model for dual soil-rock deep foundation pits was established. After the excavation and dewatering construction of the deep foundation pit, the deformation and stress of the retaining structure on both the side adjacent to and away from the buildings, surface subsidence, and changes in the axial force of the supports were analyzed. On this basis, a sensitivity analysis was conducted on the influencing parameters of foundation pit deformation and stress, and the variation patterns were summarized and fitted. The study results indicate that the excavation of dual-element deep foundation pits in soil and rock exhibits significant spatial and temporal effects. In the time dimension, this is manifested as rapid development in the lateral displacement of pile bodies and surface settlement in soil layers, while the development rate slows in rock layers. In the spatial dimension, this is manifested as the corner effect of the pit. Changes in spacing and pile diameter essentially alter the overall stiffness of the retaining structure and the magnitude of external soil and water pressure borne by an individual pile. When the pile diameter is less than 1.0 m, the force sensitivity of deformation in the adjacent building side of the foundation pit significantly increases. The properties of rock and soil masses vary greatly at the soil-rock interface in a dual soil-rock formation, where over-excavation, support spacing, and changes in prestress are more pronounced. The research findings can provide valuable insights for similar soil-rock dual-element deep foundation pit engineering projects.