分析架空线路对民房区域的电场影响，有助于更好地了解电场对居民的潜在健康影响，为制定合理的防护政策提供基础。首先进行了架空输电线路物理模型的构建，对电场进行计算；然后对河南省焦作市500 kV输电线路进行了实地电场测量，验证了理论计算模型与实际实测结果的一致性。进一步运用COMSOL Multiphysics软件构建相应的仿真模型，对该输电线路电场环境进行仿真预测。基于上述研究基础，对房屋建筑和树木等多种因素对高压输电线路电场强度的影响进行了模拟仿真。最后，建立了人体模型进行仿真分析，对该电场环境对人体的潜在影响进行评估。评估结果表明，该环境电场均小于国家标准限值，该电场并不会对人体产生威胁。

Assessment of the electric field impact of overhead lines on residential areas will help to better understand the potential health impact of electric fields on residents and provide a basis for formulating reasonable protection policies. Firstly, the physical model of overhead transmission line was constructed and the electric field was calculated. Subsequently, the field electric field measurement of 500 kV transmission line in Jiaozuo City, Henan Province was carried out to verify the consistency between the theoretical calculation model and the actual measured results. Secondly, the corresponding simulation model was constructed by COMSOL Multiphysics software, and the electric field environment of the transmission line was simulated and predicted. Based on the above research, the influence of various factors such as buildings and trees on the electric field strength of high-voltage transmission lines was simulated. Finally, a human body model was established for simulation analysis to evaluate the potential impact of the electric field environment on the human body. The evaluation results show that the environmental electric field is less than the national standard limit, and the electric field will not pose a threat to the human body.