为了模拟岩石类材料在静态和动态加载下的裂纹萌生与扩展过程，提出了一种混合有限-离散元方法（hybrid finite-discrete element method, HFDEM）。HFDEM改进了Y2D只能模拟单一裂纹的局限性，并通过引入岩石的动态强度与静态强度的经验关系式，更好地适应动态扰动的影响。利用该方法进行了准静态巴西劈裂实验和动态非对称三点弯曲试验，分析了岩石的裂纹萌生和扩展过程以及加载速率对岩石断裂的影响。结果表明，HFDEM结合了有限元与离散元的技术的优点可以准确地模拟岩石破坏前和破坏后的力学行为，实现岩石从连续体到非连续体的过渡。此外，研究结果与巴西劈裂实验的解析解、破裂形态进行对比验证了HFDEM的准确性，以及初步分析了加载速率对岩石动态断裂过程及断裂韧度的影响。

To simulate the processes of crack initiation and propagation in rock-like materials under static and dynamic loading conditions, a HFDEM(hybrid finite-discrete element method) was proposed. The HFDEM addresses the limitation of the Y2D model, which can only simulate single cracks, and incorporates an empirical relationship between the dynamic and static strengths of rock to better account for the effects of dynamic disturbances. The proposed method was applied to quasi-static Brazilian splitting tests and dynamic asymmetric three-point bending tests to analyze the processes of crack initiation and propagation, as well as the influence of loading rates on rock fracture behavior. The results demonstrate that HFDEM effectively integrates the advantages of finite element and discrete element techniques, accurately simulating the mechanical behavior of rock both before and after failure, and enabling the transition from a continuum to a discontinuum state. Furthermore, comparisons with analytical solutions and fracture patterns from Brazilian splitting tests validated the accuracy of HFDEM. Preliminary analyses also revealed the effects of loading rates on the dynamic fracture process and fracture toughness of rock.