因传统的冰力测量方法存在稳定性和可靠性的局限，而光纤传感技术具有高灵敏度和抗干扰能力，研发了一种基于光纤传感技术的冰力传感器，并评估其在海洋结构现场应用中的有效性。基于光纤传感技术的基本原理和冰力传感器的设计要求，详细描述了传感器的研究、设计与安装过程，包括弹性元件的设计计算、光纤传感器的选择与布置、以及数据采集系统的构建，以确保满足冰力测量的精度要求，并在渤海北部海域的观测站进行一个冬季现场冰力测量。成功收集并分析现场冰力数据，评估了传感器的实际监测效果。实验结果表明：该系统在实际应用中表现出良好的稳定性和可靠性，所研发的光纤冰力传感器为海洋工程现场的冰力测量提供了新的可靠技术手段，为进一步的结构健康监测研究奠定了基础。

Due to the limitations of traditional ice force measurement methods in terms of stability and reliability, and the high sensitivity and anti-interference capabilities of fiber optic sensing technology was given, a fiber optic ice force sensor was developed. The effectiveness of this sensor was evaluated in the context of its application in marine structures. Based on the fundamental principles of fiber optic sensing technology and the design requirements of the ice force sensor, the research, design, and installation processes of the sensor were described in detail, including the design calculations of the elastic element, the selection and arrangement of the fiber optic sensors, and the construction of the data acquisition system to ensure that the precision requirements for ice force measurement were met. A winter field measurement of ice force was conducted at an observation station in the northern Bohai Sea. Field ice force data were successfully collected and analyzed, and the actual monitoring performance of the sensor was evaluated. The experimental results indicate that the system exhibits good stability and reliability in practical applications. The developed fiber optic ice force sensor provides a new reliable technical means for ice force measurement in marine engineering and lays a foundation for further research in structural health monitoring.