水电、港口、交通等基础工程建设材料通常就地取材采用堆石料，然而不同地区的堆石料形状存在较大差异。为研究堆石料纵横比对其K₀压缩特性的影响，首先采用离散元法生成10种不同纵横比的颗粒簇，之后取相同的等效颗粒粒径，以同样的方法分别生成相同初始状态的试样，最后进行静止土压力系数K₀压缩试验，就颗粒纵横比对堆石料K₀压缩特性的影响及其微观机理做了详细的探讨。研究结果表明：①在宏观层面，不同纵横比堆石料试样以AR=0.5为分界，当AR在0.5~1时，试样的K₀随着纵横比的增大而增大，当AR在0.2~0.5区间时，试样的K₀值随着纵横比的增大无明显规律。这表明在工程设计时，需要重点考虑纵横比0.5~1这段区间的颗粒。②在微观层面，颗粒纵横比越小（颗粒越长）的试样配位数越大、颗粒间的平均力和颗粒累计旋转角度越小，这表明颗粒纵横比越小的试样颗粒间的接触更紧密，接触力力链更分散，颗粒的抗旋转能力越强。这可能是造成不同纵横比堆石料K₀压缩特性差异的原因。研究成果可为存在颗粒形状差异地区的K₀评估提供理论参考，并为选择合适的堆石料材料提供依据，确保工程安全。

In frastructure projects such as hydropower, harbours and transport are usually constructed by rockfill of aggregates from local materials, however, the shapes of rockfill of aggregates in different regions are quite different. In order to study the effect of aspect ratio on the K₀ consolidation characteristics of rockfill, firstly, 10 kinds of particle clusters with different aspect ratios were generated by the discrete element method, and then the same equivalent particle size was taken to generate the specimens with the same initial state in the same way, and then the K₀ consolidation test was carried out at last, and the effect of the aspect ratio of the particles on the K₀ consolidation characteristics of the heap stone materials and its micro-mechanisms were explored in detail. The results of the study show these as fouows At the macro level, the specimens with different aspect ratios of rockfill are divided by AR = 0.5, when the AR is 0.5 ~ 1, the K₀ value of the specimens increases with the increase of aspect ratio, and when the AR is 0.2 ~ 0.5, the trend of the change of the K₀ value of the specimens with the increase of the aspect ratio is unknown. This suggests that the particles in the interval of aspect ratio 0.5 ~1 need to be focused on during engineering design. At the microscopic level, the smaller the particle aspect ratio(the longer the particles), the larger the coordination number, the smaller the average force between the particles, and the smaller the cumulative angle of rotation of the particles, which suggests that the contact between the particles of the specimens with smaller particle aspect ratios is closer, the contact force chain is more dispersed, and the particles are more resistant to rotation. This may be the reason for the differences in K₀ consolidation properties of rockfill with different aspect ratios. The research results can provide theoretical references for the evaluation of K₀ values in areas where there are particle shape differences, and provide a basis for selecting appropriate rockfill materials, ensuring the safety of the project.