深层稠油油藏蒸汽注入过程中存在大量热损失，导致蒸汽腔发育形态不理想，并且严重影响蒸汽驱开发效果。基于汽液界面理论和传热学，引入井筒热损失率系数并建立深层稠油油藏蒸汽驱汽腔扩展模型，从而刻画蒸汽驱汽腔发育扩展情况。通过与现有的汽腔扩展模型对比，发现修正后的模型蒸汽超覆现象更严重，位于油层顶部的蒸汽波及范围也越大，将该模型与现场监测数据对比得到其误差仅为7.61%，符合实际现场开发情况。同时对模型中井筒热损失率和汽腔扩展形态进行分析，研究结果表明：井筒热损失率在注汽初期增长至峰值，然后伴随注入时间的增加而降低，油藏埋深越大则井筒热损失率越大；拟流度比作为影响汽腔发育形态的重要因素之一，其与蒸汽腔发育情况存在负相关性；形状因子则与汽腔发育形态为正相关性，即形状因子越大，蒸汽带与水平面夹角越大，蒸汽腔波及稠油范围越广，蒸汽超覆现象影响较小。该研究将理论与实际紧密结合，帮助现场快速准确预测蒸汽腔前缘位置，从而优化注汽参数和制定相应的开发方案，为中深层、深层稠油油藏开发提供理论支持。

In deep heavy oil reservoirs, substantial heat losses during steam injection are often associated with suboptimal steam chamber development, significantly reducing the efficiency of steam flooding. A novel steam chamber expansion model was introduced, incorporating a wellbore heat loss coefficient derived from vapor-liquid interface theory and heat transfer principles. Compared to existing models, the modified model was shown to predict a more pronounced steam override and a larger steam-swept area at the reservoir top. Validation against field monitoring data reveals a deviation of only 7.61%, demonstrating strong agreement with actual development conditions. Further analysis of the wellbore heat loss rate and steam chamber morphology shows that the heat loss rate peaks early in the injection process and subsequently decreases over time. It is observed that the wellbore heat loss rate increases with greater reservoir depth. Additionally, the mobility ratio is found to be negatively correlated with steam chamber development, while the shape factor is positively correlated, with larger shape factors resulting in a wider steam-swept area and a reduced impact of steam override. The research is closely integrated with theoretical concepts and practical applications, enabling rapid and accurate predictions of steam chamber front positions, optimizing steam injection parameters, and informing the design of development strategies for medium to deep heavy oil reservoirs.