明确马铃薯种植区土壤肥力空间变异特征，为研究区马铃薯土壤精准施肥和培肥管理提供理论依据。以黑龙江省克山农场为研究区，在马铃薯种植区采取100个样点，选取土壤pH、有机质、全氮、全磷和全钾作为评价土壤肥力的指标，采用地统计学和地理信息系统（geographic information system, GIS）相结合，分析土壤养分的空间变异特征，并利用土壤肥力综合评价法评价研究区土壤肥力。结果表明：土壤呈弱酸性，pH变异系数小；有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾的含量处于中高水平，属于中等强度变异。土壤pH属于中等强度空间自相关，有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾的空间自先关较弱。有机质和全氮的空间聚集性显著。研究区土壤养分空间变化特征明显，呈东西方向变化，中部土壤养分含量相对偏低。研究区土壤肥力处于中等以上水平，肥力良好的面积占总面积的72%。克山农场土壤肥力良好，满足马铃薯生长需求。人为因素是影响土壤养分含量的主要因素。

The spatial variation characteristics of soil fertility in potato growing area were clarified to provide theoretical basis for soil precise fertilization and fertilizer management in the study area. Taking Keshan Farm in Heilongjiang Province as the study area, 100 sample points were selected in the potato growing area, and soil pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium were selected as the indicators to evaluate soil fertility. Geostatistics and geographic information system (GIS) were combined to analyze the spatial variation characteristics of soil nutrients, and soil comprehensive evaluation method was used to evaluate soil fertility in the study area. Results show that the soil is weakly acidic and the pH variation coefficient is small. The contents of organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium are at medium and high levels, belonging to moderate intensity variation. Soil pH is a moderate spatial autocorrelation, and the spatial autocorrelation of organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium is weak. The spatial accumulation of organic matter and total nitrogen is significant. The spatial variation of soil nutrients in the study area is obvious, showing an east-west direction, and the content of soil nutrients in the middle of the study area is relatively low. The soil fertility in the study area is above the medium level, and the area with good fertility accounts for 72% of the total area. The soil fertility of Keshan farm is good, which can meet the needs of potato growth. Human factors are the main factors affecting soil nutrient content.