随着油气行业不断向深层拓展及深层地热资源的开发，钻遇储层岩石硬度变大、破岩难度增加、开发成本提高。针对深层花岗岩难破岩的问题，研究了电磁辐射辅助破岩机理。该方法利用电磁波与储层岩石的相互作用诱导产生热应力损伤或致裂岩石，进而降低岩石强度，提高破岩效率。首先，基于深层花岗岩的矿物组分建立矿物随机分布非均质岩心模型；其次，建立电磁辐射花岗岩损伤的电-热-固-损耦合的数值模型；最后，采用顺序耦合的方式计算电磁辐射下花岗岩的电磁场、温度场、应力及损伤分布。电磁辐射作用下花岗岩成岩矿物结果差异显著：由于电磁波的选择加热性，黑云母的电磁功率损耗密度高于石英与长石2~3个数量级，导致电磁加热程度不同，在黑云母附近形成局部热点；基于不同矿物温度与热膨胀系数的差异，形成非均匀的应力分布，石英和黑云母受拉，而长石受压；3 kW电磁辐射5 min后花岗岩损伤体积占比为42%，以石英的张性损伤为主。电磁辐射下花岗岩损伤显著，岩石强度降低，促进深层花岗岩的破岩。

As the oil and gas industry continues to expand into deeper layers and the development of deep geothermal resources progresses, the hardness of reservoir rocks increases, making rock breaking more difficult and raising development costs. To address the problem of difficult rock breaking in deep granite, the mechanism of electromagnetic radiation-assisted rock breaking was investigated. This method utilizes the interaction between electromagnetic waves and reservoir rocks to induce thermal stress damage or fracturing of the rock, thereby reducing rock strength and improving breaking efficiency. Firstly, based on the mineral composition of deep granite, a heterogeneous core model with random distribution of minerals was established. Secondly, a numerical model of electrothermal-soliddamage coupling of granite damaged by electromagnetic radiation was established. Finally, the electromagnetic field, temperature field, stress and damage distribution of granite under electromagnetic radiation were calculated by sequential coupling method. Due to the selective heating property of electromagnetic waves, the electromagnetic power loss density of biotite is 2 ~ 3 orders of magnitude higher than that of quartz and feldspar, resulting in different electromagnetic heating degrees and forming local hot spots near biotite. Based on the difference of temperature and thermal expansion coefficient of different minerals, a non-uniform stress distribution is formed. Quartz and biotite are strained, while feldspar is pressured. After 3 kW electromagnetic radiation for 5 min, the damage volume of granite is 42%, and the tensile damage of quartz is the main damage. The damage of granite under electromagnetic radiation is significant, the strength of rock is reduced, and the rock breaking of deep granite is promoted.