针对隧道穿越富水断层破碎带围岩塌方和涌水难题，以云南渝昆高速铁路隧道为工程背景，开展隧道三台阶法施工流固耦合数值分析，结合现场围岩变形监测结果，研究穿越富水断层破碎带隧道围岩变形机制与地下水渗流规律。研究结果表明，隧道掌子面开挖至富水断层时，逆断层上盘岩土体向下塌陷，拱顶沉降急剧增大。在断层处，中、下台阶的岩土体无法为围岩提供稳定支撑，隧道净空先增大后减小。地下水主要沿着台阶面和掌子面渗流，隧道上方仍存在较大孔压，可增加排水管将水引入边沟。

With respect to the surrounding rock collapse and water gushing in the water-rich fault, a high-speed railway tunnel in Yunnan was taken as the engineering background. The fluid-solid coupling numerical calculation of tunnel construction with the three-step method was carried out, and the deformation mechanism and groundwater seepage law of surrounding rock through water-rich fault were researched combined with the deformation field monitoring results. The results show that when the tunnel face is excavated to the water-rich fault, the rock and soil in the upper wall of the reverse fault will collapse downward, and the settlement of the arch roof will increase sharply. At the fault, the rock and soil mass of the middle and lower excavation parts cannot provide stable support for the surrounding rock, so the tunnel clearance increases first and then decreases. The groundwater mainly percolates along the step surface and the palm surface, and there is still a large pore pressure above the tunnel, so the drainage pipe can be added to lead the water into the side ditch