集装箱码头堆场作为海陆两侧作业区的枢纽，箱位分配方案将直接影响码头整体的运行效率。为了合理分配U型自动化码头堆场空间资源以提高集装箱装船效率，将共用一条智能导引运输车（intelligent guided vehicle, IGV）车道的两个箱区组成一组箱区组。从降低车道拥挤的角度，考虑箱区组内相邻作业区域高低工作量等约束，以最小化总装船作业时间和平衡箱区组集装箱数量为目标，构建第一阶段出口箱堆存区域分配模型，并且引入免疫补偿机制和Metropolis准则，设计了一种改进的自适应遗传算法。基于第一阶段分配结果，建立贝位间优先级降序均衡堆存策略以保障场桥连续性作业，构建第二阶段箱位分配模型，并设计启发式算法以求解。通过设计大规模案例实验表明，算法能够给予有效的出口箱堆存区域划分和箱位分配方案，同时经过不同规模的对比实验验证了算法的性能，表明算法具有更快的收敛速度，对目标值优化达到10%，进而提高了U型自动化码头整体作业效率。

Container terminal yard as the hub of the operation area on both land and sea sides, the space allocation will directly affect the overall operation efficiency of the terminal. In order to reasonably allocate the space of U-shaped yard to improve the efficiency of container loading, two blocks sharing one intelligent guided vehicle(IGV) lane were formed into a group. From the perspective of reducing lane congestion, considering the constraints of high and low workloads of adjacent operation areas within the block groups, and with the goal of minimizing the total loading operation time and balancing the number of containers in the block groups, the first stage of the export container allocation model was constructed, and an immunity compensation mechanism and Metropolis criterion were introduced. And an improved adaptive genetic algorithm was designed by introducing immune compensation mechanism and Metropolis criterion. Based on the allocation results of the first stage, a priority descending balanced stockpiling strategy was established to ensure the continuous operation of the yard crane, and the second stage of the container allocation model was constructed, and a heuristic algorithm was designed to solve the problem. The design of large-scale case experiments shows that the algorithm is able to give effective export container stockpiling area delineation and container space allocation scheme, and the performance of the algorithm is verified by different scale comparison experiments, which shows that the algorithm has a faster convergence speed and is able to optimize 10% of the target value, which improves the overall operational efficiency of the U-shaped automated terminal.