工程水泥基材料（engineered cementitious composite, ECC）具有良好的裂缝宽度控制能力和自愈合潜力，可有效提高混凝土结构的使用性能和耐久性，已应用于多种不同环境条件。ECC在不同环境条件下的愈合能力不同，而目前针对ECC在不同环境下的愈合行为研究相对较少。为了研究不同环境条件对ECC自修复行为的影响，选取3种不同愈合环境，分别为0.5 mol/L的NaCl溶液、饱和Ca（OH）₂溶液、自然环境，将预裂纹ECC试件分别置于3种环境下，通过裂缝闭合试验、强度恢复试验、电镜扫描以及能谱分析来探究不同环境下ECC的愈合行为及机理。试验结果显示：不同愈合环境下ECC的裂缝均具有不同程度的缩小，且随着愈合周期的逐渐增长，裂缝的愈合程度也逐渐提高，NaCl溶液和饱和Ca（OH）₂溶液对裂缝愈合具有积极作用。不同环境下ECC的愈合能力排序为：饱和Ca（OH）₂溶液>NaCl溶液>自然环境。在自然环境下的愈合物质主要有水化硅酸钙（calcium-silicate-hydrate, C-S-H）凝胶、Ca（OH）₂；在NaCl溶液中裂缝处愈合物质主要以钙矾石、Ca（OH）₂形式填充裂缝；在饱和Ca（OH）₂溶液环境中，裂缝处会产生大量愈合物质，主要以CaCO₃的形式填充裂缝。

Engineered cementitious composites (ECC) have good crack width control ability and self-healing potential, which can effectively improve the performance and durability of concrete structures and has been used in various environmental conditions. The healing ability of ECC varies under different environmental conditions, and currently there is relatively little research on the healing behavior of ECC in different environments. In order to study the effects of different environmental conditions on the self-healing behavior of ECC, three different environments including 0.5 mol/L NaCl solution, saturated Ca(OH)₂ solution, and natural environment were selected. Pre-cracked specimens were placed in each of the three environments, and the healing behavior and mechanism in different environments were explored through crack closure tests, strength recovery tests, electron microscopy scanning, and energy spectrum analysis. The experimental results show that the cracks in ECC under different healing environments have varying degrees of closure. As the healing cycle gradually increases, the degree of crack healing also gradually improves. NaCl solution and saturated Ca(OH)₂ solution have a positive effect on the crack healing. The ranking of the healing ability of ECC under different environments is obtained as follows: saturated Ca(OH)₂ solution > NaCl solution > natural environment. Healing materials in natural environment mainly include calcium-silicate-hydrate (C-S-H) gel and Ca(OH)₂. The healing material at the crack site in NaCl solution is mainly filled in the form of ettringite and Ca(OH)₂. In a saturated Ca(OH)₂ solution environment, a large amount of healing material is generated at the cracks, mainly in the form of CaCO₃ filling the crack.