质子交换膜燃料电池（proton exchange membrane fuel cell, PEMFC）阴极流道作为氧化剂还原的场所，流道构型和操作参数相互作用是提升电池性能的关键之一。针对PEMFC侧壁缩型流道对操作参数的设计需求，建立了一个采用阴极侧壁缩型流道的三维质子交换膜电池模型，研究了在不同温度、压强和阴极化学计量比下，电化学性能、膜表面温度分布及含水量分布的变化规律。研究表明：操作参数不变时，脊背中线、流道中线的电流密度曲线呈脉冲式波动，膜表面温度曲线、膜表面水含量曲线呈现规律性波动，且脊背中线处的电流密度、温度、水含量明显高于流道中线处；操作参数变化下，当温度从50 ℃升高到80 ℃时，电流密度从0.822 A/cm²增大至0.856 A/cm²，提高了4.1%；当压强从0.1 MPa增大至0.3 MPa时，电流密度从0.860 A/cm²增大至1.500 A/cm²，提高了74.4%；当阴极化学计量比从10增大至90时，电流密度从1.502 A/cm²提升至1.568 A/cm²，提高了4.4%。进一步建立了基于组合赋权法和改进雷达图法的PEMFC输出性能评价方法，得到操作参数在压强0.25 ~ 0.3 MPa、温度70 ~ 80 ℃、化学计量比70 ~ 90范围下，阴极的侧壁缩型流道表现出优异输出性能。

The cathode flow channel of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) serves as the site of oxidant reduction, and the interaction of the flow channel configuration and operating parameters is one of the keys to enhance the performance of the cell. A three-dimensional proton exchange membrane cell model with cathode sidewall shrinkage runner was established to meet the design requirements of PEMFC sidewall shrinkage runner regarding the operating parameters. The changing rules of electrochemical performance, temperature distribution on the membrane surface and water content distribution were investigated under different temperatures, pressures and cathode stoichiometric ratios. It is shown that under the constant operating parameters, the current density curves of the ridge centerline and the flow channel centerline are impulsively fluctuated, and the temperature curves of the membrane surface and the water content curves of the membrane surface are regularly fluctuated. The current density, temperature and water content at the ridge centerline are obviously higher than those at the flow channel centerline. Under the change of operating parameters, when the pressure is increased from 0.1 MPa to 0.3 MPa, the current density is increased from 0.860 A/cm² to 1.500 A/cm², with an increase of 74.4%. When the temperature is increased from 50 ℃ to 80 ℃, the current density is increased from 0.822 A/cm² to 0.856 A/cm², with an increase of 4.1%. And when the cathode stoichiometry ratio is increased from 10 to 90, the current density is increased from 1.502 A/cm² to 1.568 A/cm², with an increase of 4.4%. Furthermore, a PEMFC output performance evaluation method based on the combined assignment method and the improved radar diagram method has been established. The cathode sidewall-retracted proton exchange membrane fuel cell is shown to exhibit excellent output performance under the operating parameters of 0.25 ~ 0.3 MPa, 70 ~ 80 ℃ and the stoichiometric ratio in the range of 70 ~ 90.