为探究自旋转效应对封闭腔体内热对流系统流动与传热特性的影响，对自旋转封闭腔体内空气流动与传热特性开展了系列数值模拟，获得了水平温度梯度和竖直温度梯度作用下不同瑞利数和旋转瑞利数下的速度场、温度场分布特征，以及高温壁面局部和平均努塞尔数，探讨了旋转作用对两类热边界条件下热对流系统的影响规律。结果表明：对于水平温度梯度作用下的热对流，旋转作用的逐渐增强使得流动特征呈现由单胞流动结构转变为多胞流动结构的演变特征，且使得热对流传热性能增强；对于竖直温度梯度作用下的热对流，旋转作用的增强使得流动趋向稳态流动特征，即增强了流动稳定性，且在较大瑞利数时，旋转作用的增强会先抑制后强化热对流传热性能。相同条件下，水平温度梯度作用的热对流传热性能优于竖直温度梯度作用情况，且旋转作用越强，该特征越为明显。

In order to research the effect of rotation on the flow and heat transfer characteristics of heat convection system in a closed cavity, a series of numerical simulations were carried out on the air flow and heat transfer characteristics in a closed cavity. The distribution characteristics of velocity field and temperature field by different Rayleigh numbers and rotating Rayleigh numbers by horizontal and vertical temperature gradients were obtained, as well as the local and average Nusselt numbers on high temperature walls. The effect of rotation on the thermal convection system by two kinds of thermal boundary conditions was discussed. The results show that for the heat convection by horizontal temperature gradient, the gradual enhancement of rotation makes the flow characteristics change from single-cell to multi-cell, and enhances the heat transfer performance of heat convection. For heat convection by vertical temperature gradient, the enhancement of rotation makes the flow tend to the steady-state flow characteristics, that is, the flow stability is enhanced, and at a large Rayleigh number, the enhancement of rotational action will first inhibit and then strengthen the heat transfer performance. Given the same conditions, the convective heat transfer performance by horizontal temperature gradient is better than that by vertical temperature gradient, and the stronger the rotation effect is, the more obvious the feature is.