为保证民航运输的正常运行和正点营运，高效的航材供应是基础，而随机的订货提前期和需求加剧航材供应的不确定性。在不确定环境下，研究以原始设备生产商为核心的航材供应链选址-库存问题。构建包括设施选址、库存控制和生产决策等两阶段随机优化模型，最大化航材供应链利润。提出一种新颖的鲁棒优化算法，在不确定环境下得出稳健的航材供应链网络优化方案。结果表明：随着供需不确定性的增加，原始设备生产商更有可能与上游供应商进行双源采购和多源采购，而现有库存和平均订购数量随之上升。此外，供需不确定性高导致航材生产供应链网络利润下降，可通过具鲁棒性和韧性的供应链设计和高效的库存控制缓解利润的下降。在供需不确定性背景下航材供应链的最优战略战术决策，为全球航空工业供应链稳健高效运作提供了有效的解决方案。

In order to ensure the regular and punctual operation of civil aviation transportation, the efficient aviation spare parts supply is the fundamental basis. However, the stochastic replenishment lead time and demand aggregates the uncertainty of spare parts supply. An original equipment manufacturer-orientated aviation industry supply chain location-inventory problem under an uncertain environment was investigated. A two-stage stochastic optimization model, including facility location, inventory control, production decisions, etc., was constructed to maximize the supply chain's profit. A novel robust optimization approach was proposed for a resilient supply chain network design under an uncertain environment. The results show that original equipment manufacturer facilities are more likely to establish double-sourcing and multiple-sourcing strategies with the upstream tier suppliers as the supply lead time and demand uncertainty increase and the on-hand inventory and average ordering quantity of tier suppliers increase accordingly. In addition, high uncertainty in spare parts supply and demand leads to declining profits in the aviation industry supply chain, which can be relieved by robust and resilient supply chain design and efficient inventory control. It is concluded that the optimal strategic and tactical decisions of the aviation industry supply chain in the context of supply and demand uncertainty provide an effective solution for the robust and efficient operations of the global aviation industry supply chain.