强烈的水流脉动是造成消力池等水工结构损伤的重要原因之一，因此明晰水工结构中的水流脉动特性对保障工程安全运行至关重要。基于DES模型及VOF方法建立了亭子口水电站消力池水工模型的精细数值模型，模拟结果与实验结果一致性较好。基于数值模拟结果分析了消力池中压力波动、脉动流速、涡量、以及紊动能的分布变化情况。结果表明消力池中压力波动沿水流方向表现出双峰分布特点，且在水流冲击区脉动量占比超过10%；展向和流向脉动流速在消力池中占主导地位，垂向脉动较弱，在水舌碰撞区域底板中心线处的展向脉动流速迅速减小；底板中心线和表孔中心线上流向和垂向的涡量具有小时均值、大脉动值的特点，跌坎引起的横轴旋涡对展向涡量分布有较大影响。紊动能能谱分析的结果显示消力池中水流脉动主要由大量1Hz以下的低频脉动组成，表明消力池中的紊流波动主要由大尺度和低频的涡流控制。研究结果有助于加深对消力池等泄洪消能结构水流特性的认知，为其设计及安全评估提供了一定参考。

Strong pulsation is one of the most important causes of damage to hydraulic structures such as stilling basins, so it is crucial to clarify the characteristics of pulsation in hydraulic structures to ensure the safe operation of the project. In this study, a fine numerical model of the hydraulic model of a stilling basin was established based on DES (detached eddy simulation) model and VOF (volume of fluid) method, and the simulation results were in good agreement with the experimental results. Based on the numerical simulation results, the distribution of pressure fluctuation, pulsating velocity, vorticity, and turbulent kinetic energy in the stilling basin were analyzed. The results show that the pressure fluctuation in the stilling basin shows a bimodal distribution along the flow direction, and the pulsation accounts for more than 10% in the flow impact area. The spanwise and streamwise velocity pulsation dominate in the stilling basin, and the vertical pulsation is weaker, while the spanwise pulsation at the centerline of the bottom floor in the collision area decreases rapidly. The streamwise and vertical vorticity on the centerline of bottom floor and surface outlet are characterized by "small time-average value and large pulsation value", and the transverse-axis vortex caused by the drop sill has a large influence on the distribution of the spanwise vortices. The results of turbulent kinetic energy spectrum analysis show that the pulsations in the stilling basin mainly consist of a large number of low-frequency pulsations below 1 Hz, indicating that the turbulent fluctuations in the stilling basin are mainly controlled by large-scale and low-frequency vortices. The analysis helps to deepen the knowledge of the flow characteristics of flood discharge and energy dissipation structures such as stilling basins, and provides a certain reference for design and safety assessment.