为提高水性聚氨酯的路用性能，通过研究不同掺量下改性水性聚氨酯胶结料的低温性能、耐水性及动态热力学性能，以及红外光谱、粒径测试和荧光显微镜3个方面的微观分析，综合讨论和分析了改性水性胶结料的改性效果与改性机理。通过水性树脂改性剂改性后，改性水性胶结料的强度、低温性能、耐水性能以及热力学性能都得到了显著改善，同时均存在15%的最优外加剂掺量；3种微观分析相互佐证表明，水性树脂改性剂与水性聚氨酯二者之间会形成新的官能团以及分子间氢键，增大交联密度，分子从线性结构变成网状结构，但掺量过大会导致胶结料颗粒粒径增大，团聚效应增加，对胶结料的力学性能产生不利影响。

In order to improve the road performance of waterborne polyurethane, the low temperature performance, water resistance and dynamic thermodynamic properties of modified waterborne polyurethane binders with different contents were studied, as well as the microscopic analysis of infrared spectroscopy, particle size test and fluorescence microscope, the modification effect and modification mechanism of modified waterborne binder were discussed and analyzed. After modified by water-based resin modifier, the strength, low-temperature performance, water resistance and thermomechanical properties of the water-based binder are significantly improved, and the optimal admixture dosage of 15% exists at the same time. Three kinds of microscopic analysis prove each other that new functional groups and intermolecular hydrogen bonds will be formed between waterborne resin modifier and waterborne polyurethane, which will increase the crosslinking density and change the molecular structure from linear structure to network structure. However, excessive dosage will lead to the increase of particle size and agglomeration effect of binder, which will adversely affect the mechanical properties of binder.