为提高对敦煌盆地地热资源赋存特征及资源潜力认识程度，指导敦煌盆地地热资源勘查和开发，基于地热勘探和地热水地球化学资料，选用氢氧同位素测试法、Piper图解法、K-Mg地热温标法、热储法等方法研究地热水水化学特征、补给来源及年龄，计算热储温度、循环深度，评价资源潜力。结果显示：热储层为新近系疏勒河组下段泥质砂岩、含砾细砂岩、砂砾岩，热储盖层为第四系松散岩和新近系疏勒河组上段泥岩、砂质泥岩。热源来自上地幔、地壳深部的热传导。地热水水化学类型主要为Cl·SO₄-Na型水，水温28.7 ~ 38.0 ℃，溶解性总固体（total dissolved solids, TDS）1 146 ~ 3 250 mg/L。水化学和 δD、δ¹⁸ O、³H、¹⁴C同位素综合分析认为地热水是“古水”与现代冷水的混合水。计算地热田热储温度39.49 ~ 42.75 ℃，地热水循环深度1 020.65 ~ 1 268.34 m。结果表明：敦煌盆地地热资源是地下水接受南部山区大气降水补给后在深循环过程中形成的地热资源。地热流体热量潜力模数为1.78 × 10⁹ kJ／（km²·a），极具开采潜力。

In order to enhance the understanding of the characteristics and potential of geothermal resources in the Dunhuang Basin to support exploration and development initiatives, through the application of geothermal exploration techniques and hydrogeochemical analysis, the methods including hydrogen and oxygen isotope testing, Piper diagram analysis, the K-Mg geothermometer, and thermal storage estimation was used to investigate the chemical properties of geothermal water, the recharge source and age, as well as to calculate the thermal storage temperature and geothermal water circulation depth. Furthermore, the potential of geothermal resources in the basin was comprehensively evaluated. The results indicate that the thermal reservoir is primarily composed of argillaceous sandstone, pebbly fine sandstone, and glutenite located in the lower member of the Neogene Shulehe Formation, with the caprock consisting of Quaternary loose rock as well as mudstone and sandy mudstone in the upper member of the same formation. The primary heat source is heat conduction from the upper mantle and deep crust. The geothermal waters are dominated by Cl·SO₄ -Na hydrochemical components, with temperatures ranging between 28.7 ℃ and 38.0 ℃ and total dissolved solids (TDS) values varying from 1 146 mg/L to 3 250 mg/L. Isotopic analysis, including δD, δ¹⁸ O, ³H, and ¹⁴C, reveals that the geothermal water represents a mixture of deep groundwater and modern precipitation. The estimated reservoir temperatures range from 39.49 ℃ to 42.75 ℃, and the calculated circulation depths are between 1 020.65 m and 1 268.34 m. These findings suggest that the geothermal resources in the Dunhuang Basin are derived from deep groundwater circulation, replenished by atmospheric precipitation from the southern mountainous regions. The calculated thermal potential modulus of the geothermal fluid is 1.78 × 10⁹ kJ/(km²·a), indicating significant resource potential for future utilization.