锂渣具有很高的回收再利用价值，针对锂渣回收过程中存在的表面保护剂与表面生成物（扩散泵油与氢氧化锂）阻碍回收效率以及在回收过程中存在反应不受控制出现爆炸等问题。提出通过水射流对锂渣表面保护剂与表面生成物进行冲击脱附并防止反应爆炸的方法，依据锂渣、表面保护剂与生成物氢氧化锂结合关系提出油-锂-氢氧化锂颗粒桥接模型，并在此基础上进一步建立水射流计算流体力学-离散单元法（computational fluid dynamics-discrete element method, CFD-DEM）3组份耦合解聚模型，探讨在不同压力下水射流对油-锂-氢氧化锂桥接模型的冲击解聚特征。结果表明：油-锂-氢氧化锂颗粒黏结键破坏时间与射流压力关系呈反比关系，油-锂-氢氧化锂桥接模型中颗粒黏结键在0.1 MPa射流压力冲击0.05 s后，破坏率能达到95%以上；当射流压力达到0.5 MPa及以上时，黏结键破坏率达到95%时，用时仅0.015 s，可有效去除锂渣表面保护剂的同时，能及时去除氢氧化锂及其形成的泡沫，实现处理安全、高效、连续消化作业。研究成果对水射流技术应用于活泼金属的回收具有较强的指导意义，可应用于锂渣的高效可控安全消化回收领域。

Lithium slag holds significant potential for recycling and reuse. The barriers in the recycling process were addressed, such as surface protectants and surface by-products (diffusion pump oil and lithium hydroxide), that impeded efficiency, and the risk of uncontrolled reactions leading to explosions. A method of using water jet impact to desorb surface protectants and by-products from lithium slag and prevent reactive explosions was proposed. Based on the binding relationship between the lithium slag, surface protectants, and lithium hydroxide by-products, a bridging model for oil-lithium-hydroxide lithium particles was proposed. Subsequently, a water jet computational fluid dynamics-discrete element method (CFD-DEM) triple-component coupled depolymerization action model was proposed to explore the depolymerization characteristics of the oil-lithium-hydroxide lithium bridging model under different water jet pressures. The results show that the destruction time of particle adhesive bonds in the oil-lithium-hydroxide lithium model is inversely proportional to the jet pressure. At a jet pressure of 0.1 MPa, a particle adhesive bond destruction rate of over 95% can be achieved within 0.05 s. When the jet pressure exceeds 0.5 MPa, the time to reach a 95% bond destruction rate is just 0.015 s. This method effectively removes the surface protectant of the lithium slag and promptly eliminates lithium hydroxide and the foam it forms while ensuring safety, efficiency, and continuous digestion operations. These findings provide significant guidance for the application of water jet technology in the recovery of reactive metals and can be specifically applied to the high-efficiency, controlled, and safe recycling field of lithium slag.