三峡水库的运行产生高变幅的消落区，围绕消落区的保护和修复成为蓄水后的重大科学问题。消落区岸坡分类是开展消落区保护和修复的基础。以三峡水库4个典型饮用水水源地为研究对象，首先，基于覆盖研究区域的GF-2遥感影像，在辐射定标、正射校正、大气校正等预处理的基础上，结合无人机拍摄和目视解译获取消落区不同岸坡类型样本，构建基于面向对象的消落区岸坡类型识别方法；其次，结合随机森林、支持向量机和神经网络等方法，对典型水源地的岸坡类型进行了分类，并比较了不同机器学习方法的分类效果，以实现典型水源地消落区岸坡类型的精准识别；最后，分析了面向像元与面向对象策略对消落区岸坡分类精度的影响。结果表明，基于多分辨率分割-面向对象的消落区岸坡分类操作方便、成本较低且精度较高，能用于三峡库区大范围消落区岸坡分类。该方法能解决高分辨率遥感影像对象内部光谱异质性和对象之间同质性增加问题，有效提高三峡水库消落区岸坡分类精度。研究对促进三峡水库消落区生态保护、修复和治理，维护长江上游重要生态安全屏障具有重要意义。

The operation of the Three Gorges Reservoir(TGR) generated a high amplitude of hydro-fluctuation belt(HFB). The preservation and restoration of the HFB had become a major scientific issue after water storage. The classification of bank slopes is the basis for carrying out the protection and restoration of HFB. Taking four typical drinking water sources of the TGR as the research objects, firstly, based on GF-2 remote sensing images covering the study area, and on the basis of radiometric calibration, orthoscopic correction, atmospheric correction, etc., combined with the samples of different bank slope types in the HFB obtained by UAV shooting and visual interpretation, and an object-oriented method for identifying bank slope types in the HFBa was constructed. Secondly, combined with random forest, support vector machine and neural network methods, the classification of bank slope types of typical water sources was carried out, and the classification effect of different machine learning methods was compared to realize the accurate identification of bank slope types in the HFB of typical water sources. Finally, the influence of pixel oriented and object oriented strategies on the classification accuracy of the bank slope in the fall zone was analyzed. The results show that the classification of bank slopes based on multiresolution segmentation-object-oriented classification is a convenient, cost-effective method, and has high accuracy. It can be used for classification of bank slope types in the large-scale HFB of the TGR. This method can solve the problems of internal spectral heterogeneity and increased homogeneity between objects in high-resolution remote sensing images, effectively improving the accuracy of slope classification. The study was of great significance in promoting ecological protection, restoration, and management of the HFB in the TGR, and maintaining important ecological security barriers in the Yangtze River Basin.