为了提高高海拔隧道在钻爆法施工过程中所产生CO有害气体的排放效率，改善作业人员工作环境。以高海拔在建隧道多木格隧道为研究对象，利用流体力学仿真软件Fluent针对在压入式通风方式下，设置风管距掌子面的距离、风管位置以及不同海拔高度3种因素，对CO有害气体的扩散情况进行数值模拟。模拟结果表明：当风管的位置距离掌子面过近时，会产生涡流导致CO积聚在掌子面附近，不利于CO排出掌子面附近区域；当距离较远时，会导致气流在到达掌子面时动能大量损失，也无法有效排出掌子面附近CO有害气体。当风管位置距掌子面的距离在25.2 m，风管位于隧道的顶部时，掌子面附近区域CO有害气体的排出效率最高，能够在较短时间内改善作业人员的工作环境。相对于平原地区，高海拔地区风筒距离掌子面的距离应该设置在（S为隧道断面积）附近。不同海拔高度下CO在隧道内运移趋势大致相同。随着海拔高度的升高，CO质量浓度也随之升高，隧道内CO移动速度会减小，高海拔地区需要更长的通风时间。

To enhance the efficiency of carbon monoxide (CO) emission control during drill-and-blast construction in high-altitude tunnels and to improve the working environment for personnel, a tunnel currently under construction at a high altitude was investigated. Utilizing the computational fluid dynamics simulation software Fluent, three factors were examined under forced ventilation conditions: the distance between the air duct and the tunnel face, the position of the air duct, and the varying elevations. To model the diffusion characteristics of harmful CO gases. The simulation results indicate that when the air duct is positioned too close to the tunnel face, vortices form, causing CO accumulation near the tunnel face, which is detrimental to the effective dispersal of CO from this area. Conversely, when the duct is positioned too far, the airflow loses a significant amount of kinetic energy before reaching the tunnel face, which also hinders the effective removal of harmful CO gases in the vicinity of the tunnel face. Optimal removal efficiency of harmful CO gases near the tunnel face is achieved when the air duct is placed at a distance of 25.2 m from the tunnel face and located at the top of the tunnel. This configuration significantly improves the working environment for personnel within a short period. Compared to plain regions, the distance between the duct and the tunnel face in high-altitude areas should be approximately (S is the cross-sectional area of the tunnel) that of the plain regions. The trend of CO movement within the tunnel is generally consistent across different altitudes. As the altitude increases, the concentration of CO also increases, and the speed of CO movement within the tunnel decreases, necessitating longer ventilation times in high-altitude areas.