氢能作为21世纪极具前景的一种低碳、高效的二次能源，是全球能源转型发展的重要载体之一。然而，金属材料的氢脆现象即：氢以不同形态扩散到金属中以固溶态存在或生成氢化物，致金属晶格高度变形，降低韧性及延性，引起脆化至断裂，因其具有隐蔽性、突发性及失效形式多样性等特点，成为制约氢能储运系统服役寿命和安全性的关键因素。随着实验手段和数值模拟方法的不断完善，中外学者近年来针对氢脆问题进行了大量研究工作。综述了氢脆研究的最新进展：首先阐述了氢脆失效概念及氢脆发生机理，并分析了储氢压力容器的氢脆特征及不同影响因素，其次总结了现有评价材料氢脆敏感性的宏观至微观、静态和动态实验方法的特点及主要应用范围，着重讨论了与数值模拟分析方法结合的研究进展，包括其在实际工程应用中的适用性与局限性，以期为氢环境中金属材料抗氢脆性能评价方法的进一步发展提供借鉴和参考。

Hydrogen energy is a promising secondary low-carbon energy source in the 21st century of global energy transition. However, HE hydrogen embrittlement in metallic materials refers to the diffusion of hydrogen into the metal in different forms, either in solid solution or as hydrides, causing severe lattice distortion, reducing ductility and toughness, and leading to embrittlement and fracture. It has raised a number of safety issues and limited the service life of hydrogen storage systems due to its insidious nature, abruptness, and diverse failures. In recent years, scholars have been conducting extensive research on hydrogen embrittlement, benefiting from improved experimental tests and numerical simulation methods. A comprehensive review of the latest advancements in hydrogen embrittlement research was provided: elucidating the concept of hydrogen embrittlement and the prevailing mechanism, analyzing the characteristics and factors influencing hydrogen embrittlement in storage vessels, and summarizing the characteristics and primary application scopes of the existing macro to micro, static and dynamic experimental methods in the evaluation of material hydrogen embrittlement. Special attention is given to the research progress in combining these methods with numerical simulation analyses, including their applicability and limitations in practical engineering. Insights and references might be offered to the ongoing development of evaluation methodologies for the hydrogen embrittlement resistance of metal materials.