针对高应力强扰动煤层大直径钻孔卸压防冲能力有限等问题，采用理论分析、数值模拟和现场试验等方法，研究了大直径钻孔扰动卸压防冲机理，提出了大直径钻孔卸压防冲控制技术措施，提高了高应力强扰动煤层卸压防冲性能。研究表明：大直径钻孔卸压范围与钻孔半径、围岩应力和扰动应力增量呈正比，与破碎区和塑性区间约束力成反比，增大大直径钻孔卸压范围，可增大动载应力波能量衰减量，转移静载能量于围岩深部，降低煤层冲击危险性；扰动系数增大，大直径钻孔卸压范围与钻孔周围集聚弹性能呈增大趋势，钻孔振动加速度随扰动系数和冲击能量增大呈指数型增长，扰动系数大于2，叠加冲击动载影响，大直径钻孔堵塞，达到极限防冲能力；采用密集钻孔法和反复掏钻法可增大大直径钻孔卸压范围，降低煤层冲击危险性，现场试验后巷道围岩变形量降低31.5%~67.0%，煤体应力值低于临界预警值，巷道围岩稳定性显著提升。

In view of the problem of limited pressure relief and anti-impact ability of large diameter boreholes in high stress and strong disturbance coal seams. The methods of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and field test were adopted to study the mechanism of pressure relief and anti-impact of large diameter boreholes, and the control measures of pressure relief and anti-impact of large diameter boreholes were proposed to improve the pressure relief and anti-impact performance of high stress and strong disturbance coal seams. The results show that the pressure relief range of large diameter boreholes is directly proportional to the drilling radius, surrounding rock stress, and disturbance stress increment, and inversely proportional to the constraint force of the fracture zone and plastic zone. Increasing the pressure relief range of large diameter boreholes can increase the attenuation of dynamic stress wave energy, transfer static load energy to the deep surrounding rock, and reduce the risk of coal seam rockburst. As the disturbance coefficient increases, the range of pressure relief for large diameter boreholes and the gathering elastic energy around the boreholes show an increasing trend. The vibration acceleration of borehole increases exponentially with the increase of disturbance coefficient and shock energy. When the disturbance coefficient is greater than 2, the impact dynamic load is superimposed, and the large diameter borehole is blocked to achieve the ultimate anti-impact ability. The use of dense drilling method and repeated drilling method can increase the pressure relief range of large diameter drilling, reduce the risk of coal seam rockburst. After field test, the deformation of surrounding rock of roadway is reduced by 31.5% ~ 67.0%, the stress value of coal body is lower than the critical warning value, and the stability of surrounding rock of roadway is significantly improved.