针对低温储罐的绝热支撑结构漏热量大及受力情况不明了的问题，通过热-固耦合的方法，建立了某37.4 m³储罐有限元模型，分析了其传热、应力与变形情况，并对支撑结构进行了优化。结果表明：通过支撑结构的漏热量为62.18 W，造成的液氮日蒸发率为0.10%／d，随着环境温度的降低，支撑结构的漏热量呈下降趋势；液体温度对储罐的影响主要集中在支撑结构及内罐体，考虑温度影响后，支撑结构的应力与变形都出现较大增加，内罐体最大应力受影响较小，变形量增加11.81倍；储运液氢时，支撑结构的传热量较液氮增加26%，以最小传热量为优化目标对滑动端下支撑结构进行拓扑优化，得到“Y”形支撑结构的传热量降低27.20%，最大应力降低7.73%。

In order to solve the problems of large heat leakage and unclear stress of the adiabatic support structure in the cryogenic storage tank, a finite element model of a 37.4 m³ storage tank was established by the method of thermal-solid interaction, and the heat transfer, stress and deformation of the tank were analyzed, and the supporting structure was optimized. The results show that the daily evaporation rate of liquid nitrogen is 0.10%/d when the heat leakage through the supporting structure is 62.18 W, and the heat leakage of the supporting structure decreases with the decrease of ambient temperature. The influence of liquid temperature on the storage tank is mainly concentrated in the support structure and the inner tank, and the stress and deformation of the support structure increase greatly after considering the influence of temperature, and the maximum stress of the inner tank is less affected, and the deformation is increased by 11.81 times. When storing liquid hydrogen, the heat transfer of the support structure increases by 26% compared with liquid nitrogen. The topology of the supporting structure under the sliding end was optimized with the minimum heat transfer as the optimization goal. The heat transfer of the "Y" type support structure is reduced by 27.20% and the maximum stress is reduced by 7.73%.