为探究疏勒河流域生态环境质量的空间分布和驱动机制，通过耦合绿度、湿度、热度和干度指数构建了流域生态环境质量评价的遥感生态指数（remote sensing ecological index, RSEI）。采用RSEI评价了2000—2020年疏勒河流域生态环境质量的变化，并采用地理探测器探测了驱动生态环境质量变化的主要影响因素。结果表明：绿度和湿度指数对流域内的生态环境发挥正向改善作用，而干度和热度指数则发挥负向恶化作用。在2000—2020年，疏勒河流域生态环境质量表现为从上游的高海拔向下游的低海拔逐渐变差的态势，且流域生态环境质量整体表现为改善态势。总体来看，在高海拔地区，降水对疏勒河流域生态环境质量有重要影响，在低海拔地区，土地利用类型对生态环境质量变化有重要影响，且随着时间的推移，人为因素对流域生态质量变化的解释力在不断增强。

In order to investigate the spatial distribution and driving mechanism of ecological quality in the Shule River Basin, a remote sensing ecological index (RSEI) for evaluating the ecological quality of the basin was constructed by coupling the greenness, humidity, heat and dryness indices. The RSEI was utilized to evaluate changes in ecological environmental quality in Shule River Basin from 2000 to 2020, and the geodetector was employed to detect the primary factors driving these changes. The results indicate that the greenness and wetness indices positively contribute to improving the ecological environment within the basin, while the dryness and heat indices negatively exacerbate it. From 2000 to 2020, the ecological environmental quality of Shule River Basin gradually worsened from high altitudes upstream to low altitudes downstream, yet overall, the basin's ecological environmental quality exhibited an improving trend. Generally, precipitation plays a significant role in influencing the ecological environmental quality of Shule River Basin at high altitudes, while land use type has a crucial impact on changes in ecological environmental quality at low altitudes. Furthermore, over time, the explanatory power of human factors for changes in the basin's ecological quality has been increasing.