森林火灾具有突发性强、破坏性大、不确定因素多、扑救风险性高等特点，为研究有效的森林火灾扑救策略，首先基于元胞自动机相关理论，对森林火灾系统进行分析，建立考虑风、阻燃剂等外界因素的森林火灾模型；然后在此基础之上，对消防智能体进行建模并与森林火灾模型相互关联，从而构建森林火灾扑救模型；最后设计实现基于元胞自动机的森林火灾扑救过程模拟仿真算法，模拟不同环境因素影响下灭火策略的作用效果，以及不同消防力量配置策略下的扑救效果。结果表明，方法能够将灭火仿真与实际决策结合起来，为相关部门森林火灾扑救决策提供可视化且定量化的策略方案，有助于降低森林火灾的损失和救援成本。

Forest fires have the characteristics of strong suddenness, great destructiveness, many uncertain factors and high risk of fighting. In order to study effective strategies of firefighting, firstly, based on the theory of cellular automata, the forest fire system was analyzed, and a forest fire model considering external factors such as wind and flame retardant was established. Then, on this basis, the fire-fighting agent was modeled and correlated with the forest fire model, so as to build the fire-fighting model. Finally, the simulation algorithm based on cellular automata was designed to simulate the effect of fire-fighting strategies under the influence of different environmental factors, and the effect of different fire force allocation strategies. The results show that the method can combine fire-fighting simulation with actual decision making, and provide visualized and quantified strategy scheme for relevant departments to make fire-fighting decision, which is helpful to reduce forest fire loss and rescue cost.