针对当前轨道交通接驳公交受共享电单车竞争影响，导致客流大幅流失的问题，为提升接驳公交的竞争力，对其服务质量进行研究和评估。首先，设计问卷对乘客满意度数据进行收集，利用随机森林算法获取接驳公交各服务指标在乘客视角下的客体重要度，通过层次分析法（analytic hierarchy process, AHP）得到各服务指标在专家视角下的主体重要度，并获取服务指标在与共享电单车竞争下的竞争重要度。其次，采用基于利益相关者视角的评价者权重确定方法对3种重要度进行加权组合，得到接驳公交服务指标综合重要度，构建重要性-绩效分析（importance-performance analysis, IPA）矩阵对指标进行改进优先级分类。最后，利用TOPSIS（technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution）结合综合重要度和满意度，确认待改进服务指标的具体优先度。结果表明：候车时间、换乘票价和乘车拥挤度是对提高轨道接驳公交服务质量最有效的3个指标，改进的优先度权重分别为0.368、0.235、0.164；其中候车时间在3种视角下都表现出高的重要度，是最需要优先改进的关键因素；换乘票价和乘车时间两个服务指标分别在专家和竞争视角下的重要度较高，表明除乘客感知外，其他视角也能揭示不同指标在提升服务质量中的关键作用。所提出的基于多视角下的服务指标重要度综合评估方法，以及改进优先度的量化，能更准确地评估接驳公交的服务质量并提供改进方向。

Aiming at the current problem of rail transit feeder buses being affected by competition from shared motorcycles, which has led to a significant loss of passenger flow, the service quality of feeder buses was studied and evaluated in order to enhance the competitiveness of feeder buses. Firstly, a questionnaire was designed to collect passenger satisfaction data, and the object importance of each service index of the feeder bus in the passenger perspective was obtained through the random forest algorithm. The subject importance degree of each service indicator under the experts' perspective was obtained through the analytic hierarchy process(AHP), and the competitive importance degree of the service indicators under the competition with shared motorcycles was obtained. Next, the evaluator weight determination method based on the stakeholder perspective was used to weight the combination of the three importance degrees to obtain the comprehensive importance degree of the feeder bus service indicators, and the importance-performance analysis(IPA) matrix was constructed to classify the indicator improvement priority. Finally, the technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) was used to confirm the specific priority of the service indicators to be improved by combining the comprehensive importance degree and satisfaction degree. The results show that waiting time, transfer fare and ride congestion are the three most effective indicators for improving the service quality of rail-connected buses, and the priority weights for improvement are 0.368, 0.235, and 0.164, respectively. Among them, the waiting time shows high importance under all three perspectives, and is the most prioritized key factor for improvement. Two service indicators, transfer fare and travel time, have high importance in the expert and competitive perspectives, respectively, suggesting that perspectives other than passenger perceptions can also reveal the key role of different indicators in improving service quality. A proposed comprehensive assessment method based on the importance of service indicators in multiple perspectives and the quantification of improvement priority, which can more accurately assess the service quality of feeder buses and provide the direction of improvement.