针对渤海海域曹妃甸6-4油田馆陶组低阻油层成因认识不清的现状，利用黏土矿物分析、扫描电镜、粒度分析、重矿物分析、岩心核磁共振等资料并结合沉积演化研究对低阻油层微观、宏观成因机理进行系统分析。研究表明，低阻油层与常规电阻率油层相比富含较多的黏土矿物，伊蒙混层、伊利石层呈搭桥状充填孔隙形成导电网络，多孔网状分布的黏土矿物与地层水充分接触产生阳离子交换作用，构成低阻油层的微观成因；复杂的孔隙结构导致了高毛管束缚水孔隙度，这也会使低阻油层具有更低的含油饱和度，构成低阻油层的另一成因；研究区低阻油层主要发育于中期基准面上升半旋回末期，整体上河水能量较弱，携砂能力降低，诸如黏土矿物细粒沉积物逐渐富集，细粒沉积物比重增加引起储层孔隙结构复杂化、束缚水饱和度增高，构成低阻油层发育的宏观成因。

In view of the current situation of unclear understanding of the genesis of the low resistivity oil layer in Guantao Formation of CFD6-4 oilfield in Bohai Sea, the microscopic and macroscopic genetic mechanism of the low resistivity oil layer was systematically analyzed by using clay mineral analysis, scanning electron microscope, particle size analysis, heavy mineral analysis, core nuclear magnetic resonance and other data combined with the study of sedimentary evolution. The research shows that the low resistivity oil layer is rich in clay minerals compared with the conventional resistivity oil layer. The illite mixed layer and illite layer are bridged to fill the pores to form a conductive network. The clay minerals distributed in the porous network fully contact with the formation water to produce cation exchange, forming the microgenesis of the low resistivity oil layer. The complex pore structure leads to high capillary bound water porosity, which also leads to lower oil saturation in low resistivity reservoirs, which constitutes another cause of formation of low resistivity reservoirs. Low-resistance oil reservoirs in the study area are mainly developed at the end of the half-cycle of the rise of the medium-term base level. On the whole, the river energy is weak, and the sand-carrying capacity is reduced. For example, the fine-grained sediment of clay minerals is gradually enriched, and the increase of the proportion of fine-grained sediment causes the complexity of the pore structure of the reservoir, and the increase of the bound water saturation, which constitutes the macro cause of the development of low-resistance oil reservoirs.