动车组在高速运行时，由于外界气流路面激励等因素，外车门会产生巨大的振动与噪声，其直接影响动车乘坐的稳定性以及列车运行的安全性。针对外车门背板薄壁结构在前五阶模态频率处振动巨大的现象，将粒子阻尼应用于外车门振动噪声抑制。首先通过建立外车门粒子阻尼器的离散元模型，基于该模型仿真分析不同阻尼器填充参数下系统耗能；接着基于仿真结果对阻尼器填充参数进行优化设计，并通过实验分析了各填充材质下的隔声量。实验结果显示，在安装粒子阻尼器后隔声量达到5.33 dB，较大限度优化了外车门的辐射噪声，该结果也证明了将粒子阻尼技术应用于动车组外车门振动噪声抑制的有效性。

When a train set operates at high speeds, significant vibration and noise are generated in the outer door due to external airflow and road surface excitation, which directly impacts ride stability and train operation safety. To address the significant vibration of the thin-walled backplate structure of the outer door at the first five modal frequencies, particle damping was applied to mitigate vibration and noise. Firstly, a discrete element model of the particle damper for the outer door was established to analyze system energy consumption through simulations under various filler parameters. Based on these simulation results, an optimized design of the filler parameters was conducted, and experiments were performed to assess sound insulation with each filler material. The results show that the installation of particle dampers achieves a sound insulation improvement of 5.33 dB, significantly optimizing the radiated noise from the outer doors. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of particle damping for vibration and noise reduction in the outer door of a moving train set.