大富岭矿床隶属于湘东明月峰矿田，是近年来新发现的花岗岩外带型铀矿床。该矿床的矿石矿物特征和稀土元素特征尚未有报道，为进一步理清矿石矿物特征和稀土元素的特征，探讨稀土元素对铀成矿的指示意义，采用扫描电镜、电子探针、激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱（laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, LA-ICP-MS）等技术研究了该矿床的主要矿石矿物——沥青铀矿，并首次利用LA-ICP-MS测试了沥青铀矿的稀土元素。实验结果表明，大富岭铀矿床沥青铀矿主要由UO₂、CaO和PbO组成，ThO₂含量极低，∑REE含量偏低，轻重稀土分异明显，（La/Yb）_N远大于1，轻稀土明显富集，Eu负异常，沥青铀矿的主量元素和稀土元素均表明其形成于温度低于350 ℃的中低温热液环境，指示大富岭矿床为典型的中低温热液脉型铀矿床。稀土元素指示成矿作用过程中成矿热液从高盐度向低盐度转变，热液环境由还原环境逐渐过渡到弱氧化环境，暗示了来源于地壳深部或岩石圈地幔的成矿热液沿着大富岭地区区域性深断裂上升，在经历一系列物理化学条件变化后，最终大富岭矿床适宜位置富集成矿。

Dafuling(DFL) deposit is a part of the Mingyuefeng ore field in eastern Hunan Province, China, is a typical perigranitic uranium deposit discovered recently. The characteristics of the ore minerals and the features of rare earth elements in this deposit have not been previously documented. In order to further elucidate the characteristics of ore minerals and rare earth elements (REE), as well as explore their indicative significance for uranium metallogenesis. Herein, uraninite, the primary ore mineral in the deposit, was investigated via scanning electron microscopy and electron probe microanalysis. Additionally, laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry(LA-ICP-MS) was used for the first time to determine the in situ the REE characteristics of uraninite. Uraninite exhibits a distinct fractionation between light rare earth elements(LREE) and heavy rare earth elements(HREE), while displaying a negative Eu anomaly. The (La/Yb)_N ratio exceeds 1, indicating a significant enrichment of LREE. Both major elements and REE in uraninite suggest its formation within a hydrothermal environment at temperatures ranging from moderate to low, below 350 ℃. Consequently, DFL deposit can be classified as a typical hydrothermal vein-type uranium deposit. The REE serve as indicators of the transition of ore-bearing hydrothermal fluids from high salinity to low salinity, and the hydrothermal environment gradually shifts from a reducing state to a weakly oxidizing state. These observations suggest that the ore-bearing hydrothermal fluid responsible for metallogenesis originating from the deep crust or lithospheric mantle, ascended along regional deep faults, and subsequently underwent a series of physical and chemical transformations, eventually accumulated mineralization in suitable locations within DFL deposit.