针对青藏高原复杂环境山地灾害监测预警存在“感知不及时、传输不出去、设备部署难”的技术难题，研制了适用于高位高危山地灾害变形与微动监测的无人机抛投式监测装置、LoRa组网及边缘计算网关等嵌入式软硬件设备，重点研究了低功耗自适应数据采集算法和射频频次自适应技术，开发了基于LoRa、北斗RDSS的自组网路由算法和多模态通讯智能切换技术，破解复杂环境数据感知及时性、低功耗与环境适应性难题。结果表明：所研发的系统现场试点应用效果良好，符合高寒山区山地灾害长期监测要求，极端环境下数据传输平均丢包率为2.328 8%，为高寒复杂山区重大工程建设及运营的防灾减灾提供了新技术、新方法。

Aiming at the technical problems of "untimely perception, poor transmission and difficult equipment deployment" in the monitoring and early warning of mountain disasters in the complex environment of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, a UAV-throwing monitoring device, LoRa networking and edge computing gateway, as well as other embedded hardware and software equipment applicable to deformation and micro-motion monitoring of high-level and high-risk mountain disasters were developed, and focused on the research of the system low-power adaptive data acquisition algorithm and RF frequency adaptive technology, were developed the self-organised network routing algorithm based on LoRa and Beidou RDSS, as well as the multimodal communication intelligent switching technology, so as to solve the problems of timeliness of data perception in complex environments and the problems of low-power consumption and environmental adaptability. The results show that the developed system had a good on-site pilot application effect, which meeting the requirements for long-term monitoring of mountain disasters in alpine mountainous areas, and the average packet loss rate of data transmission in extreme environments is 2.328 8 percent, providing new technologies and methods for disaster prevention and mitigation in the construction and operation of major projects in alpine and complex mountainous areas.