石油行业中，CO₂驱技术在众多提高采收率方法中占据重要位置。近年来，CO₂驱技术因对碳的埋存有积极贡献而受到更多关注，然而CO₂的注入会大大增加油套管腐蚀失效的风险，缓蚀剂的开发及抑制机理的研究已取得一定成果。以石油行业中有机缓蚀剂对CO₂腐蚀抑制机理的角度，对有机缓蚀剂的研究进展进行系统总结，重点介绍有机缓蚀剂的吸附、补强、架桥和形成疏水膜机理，并从官能团与金属表面的作用机理等方面对比分析有机胺类、咪唑啉类、表面活性剂类、聚合物类、碳点类缓蚀剂对CO₂腐蚀的抑制效果，展望CO₂环境中有机缓蚀剂的抑制机理研究与缓蚀剂开发的发展趋势和重点。

In the petroleum industry, the CO₂ flooding technology plays an important role in many EOR methods. In recent years, CO₂ flooding technology has attracted more attention because of its positive contribution to carbon storage, but CO₂ injection will greatly increase the risk of corrosion failure of oil casing, and the development of corrosion inhibitors and the research on inhibition mechanism have achieved certain results. The research progress of organic corrosion inhibitors was systematically summarized from the perspective of the inhibition mechanism of organic corrosion inhibitors on CO₂ corrosion in the petroleum industry. The adsorption, reinforcement, bridging and hydrophobic film formation mechanisms of organic corrosion inhibitors were mainly introduced. The inhibition effects of organic amines, imidazolines, surfactants, polymers and carbon dots on CO₂ corrosion were compared and analyzed from the mechanism of functional groups and metal surfaces. The research on the inhibition mechanism of organic corrosion inhibitors in CO₂ environment and the development trend and focus of corrosion inhibitors were prospected.