针对差分麦克风阵列的白噪声放大问题，提出了一种参数化差分波束形成器的设计方法。通过理论推导，证明了延迟求和波束形成器能最大化白噪声增益，超指向波束形成器能最大化指向性增益。利用酉对角化方法处理转向向量与白噪声增益的伪相关矩阵，得到正交特征向量，并以此为基础设计波束形成器的参数。通过仿真实验，分析了参数化差分波束形成器在不同参数设置下的性能表现。实验结果表明，通过调整参数，所提方法能够在白噪声增益和指向性增益之间实现灵活的权衡与调节。

Aiming at the problem of white noise amplification of differential microphone array, a design method of parametric differential beamformer was proposed. Through theoretical derivation, it is proved that the delay summing beamformers can maximize the white noise gain and the superdirected beamformers can maximize the directional gain. The orthogonal eigenvector was obtained by using the unitary diagonalization method to deal with the pseudo-correlation matrix between the steering vector and the white noise gain, and the parameters of the beamformer machine were designed based on it. Through simulation experiments, the performance of parametric differential beamformers under different parameter settings was analyzed. Experimental results show that the proposed method can flexibly balance and adjust the white noise gain and directional gain by adjusting the parameters.