核电厂调试是电厂运行的前一阶段，旨在验证全厂设备符合运行要求。人因失效会严重影响调试的安全可靠性，对调试人因事件进行分析可帮助识别诱发人因失效的潜在因素，从而为调试安全质量管理提供指导。基于领域专家判断，修改并建立针对调试的人因分析与分类系统（HFACS），并由5位领域专家应用该系统对127起人因事件进行分析编码。研究所获频率统计结果与核电厂运行事件分析结果的对比表明，调试和运行作为两种不同的电厂阶段，在监督管理、失误类型上存在共性，在组织影响、不安全行为的前提条件及人员违规上存在差异。通过相关性分析，研究识别出与人因失效具有显著关联的若干因素，调试作业的管理可通过控制这些因素来减少人因失效的发生。

Commissioning is the last stage before operation of a nuclear power plant, aiming at validating all equipment and systems. The safety and reliability of commissioning tasks can be severely threatened by human failures. Therefore, it is essential to conduct causation analysis of human failure events in commissioning to identify salient human and organizational factors. The human factors analysis and classification system (HFACS) framework was modified and applied to code 127 human failure events in commissioning by five domain experts. The comparison between the results of this study and the analyses of operation events indicates that commissioning and operation as two different stages of a nuclear power plant have similar patterns in regard to supervision and management and human error types, but distinct patterns in regard to organization, preconditions of unsafe acts, and human violations. Results of correlation analysis show that several preconditions for unsafe acts have significant relations with human failures, as well as some significant relations between latent failures. These human and organizational factors should be controlled to reduce human failures.