为推动钢渣在道路工程中的应用，缓解钢渣堆放造成的土地占用与环境污染问题，对钢渣陈化过程中的理化特征及钢渣沥青混合料性能进行了研究。采用粒度粒形、X射线荧光光谱试验探究钢渣陈化前后的形貌特征和矿物组成。随后，利用未处理钢渣、陈化钢渣和玄武岩制备了沥青混合料，对比评价了3种沥青混合料的体积膨胀性、水稳定性、高温稳定性和低温抗裂性能。此外，通过灰色关联法分析了集料特性与混合料性能的关联性。结果表明，钢渣的高粗糙度、高棱角性使其成为玄武岩等天然集料的理想替代品。然而，未陈化钢渣体积稳定性差，遇水易膨胀，导致无法满足路面使用要求。值得注意的是，CaO和Fe₂O₃含量是影响钢渣体积稳定性的重要因素，而陈化处理可以在一定程度上降低这些负面影响，从而改善钢渣沥青混合料的路用性能。综合各项分析，陈化钢渣沥青混合料具有较好综合路用性能，钢渣的二次利用对于实现道路基础设施的可持续发展具有重要意义。

In order to promote the application of steel slag in road engineering and alleviate the problems of land occupation and environmental pollution caused by steel slag stockpiling, the physicochemical characteristics of steel slag during aging and the performance of steel slag asphalt mixtures were investigated. The morphological characteristics and mineral composition of steel slag before and after aging were investigated using particle size and shape and XRF(X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy) tests. Subsequently, asphalt mixtures were prepared using untreated steel slag, aged steel slag and basalt, and the volumetric expansion, water stability, high-temperature stability and low-temperature cracking resistance of the three asphalt mixtures were comparatively evaluated. In addition, the correlation between aggregate properties and mix performance was analysed by grey correlation method. The results show that the high roughness and angularity of steel slag make it an ideal substitute for natural aggregates such as basalt. However, the poor volume stability of unaged steel slag and its tendency to swell in contact with water resulted in its inability to meet the requirements for pavement use. It is worth noting that CaO and Fe₂O₃ contents are important factors affecting the volumetric stability of steel slag, and aging treatment can reduce these negative effects to a certain extent, thus improving the road performance of steel slag asphalt mixtures. Comprehensive analyses, aged steel slag asphalt mixture has better comprehensive road performance, and the secondary use of steel slag is of great significance to achieve sustainable development of road infrastructure.