针对甘蔗切种时，由于蔗种切种机的切种刀具的结构与运动参数及安装协调优化不足，存在蔗种切口处平整度低、切割质量差且蔗芽损伤的现状。采用单因素试验对甘蔗切种机的切口与运移滚筒支点间距、刀具落点速度、刀具安装偏移角、刀具前角、刀具背角进行有限元切割仿真试验，确定影响蔗种切割质量的评价指标及各因素对该指标的影响趋势。基于旋转正交试验分析各因素对评价指标显著的交互作用，获得正交试验结果的二次多项式回归模型。结合农艺要求与刀具切种特性，建立最优的评价指标，获得优化后的最优参数组合，并对其进行切段仿真试验与台架验证试验。最终优选结果为：切口与支点间距177.944 mm、刀具落点速度1.569 m/s、刀具安装偏移角5.923°、刀具前角10.899°、刀具背角8.637°；切口处等效应变与蔗芽处等效应力分别为5.053 mm和1.592 MPa。分析综合误差率为4.97%。该研究可为甘蔗切种刀的结构参数与安装参数及其运动参数的优化提供研究基础，以提高蔗种的切种质量。

To address the current situation of low flatness, poor cutting quality and cane bud damage at the cane cutter due to insufficient optimization of the structure and motion parameters and installation coordination of the cutting tool of the cane seed cutter. Finite element cutting simulation tests were conducted using single-factor tests on the distance between the cutting edge and the pivot point of the transport roller, tool drop speed, tool installation offset angle, tool front angle and tool back angle of the cane seed cutter to determine the evaluation indexes affecting the cane seed cutting quality and the trend of the influence of each factor on this index. The significant interaction effect of each factor on the evaluation index was analyzed based on the rotating orthogonal test, and the quadratic polynomial regression model of the orthogonal test results was obtained. Combining the agronomic requirements with the cutting characteristics of the tool, the optimal evaluation index was established, the optimized optimal combination of parameters was obtained, and the cutting section simulation test and bench validation test were conducted. The final selection results are as follows: the distance between the incision and the fulcrum is 177.944 mm, the tool landing speed is 1.569 m/s, the tool installation offset angle is 5.923°, the tool front angle is 10.899°, and the tool back angle is 8.637°. The equivalent stress at the incision site and the sugarcane shoot site are 5.053 mm and 1.592 MPa, respectively. The comprehensive analysis error rate is 4.97%. This study can provide a research basis for the optimization of the structure parameters and installation parameters of sugarcane seed cutting knife and its motion parameters, so as to improve the seed cutting quality of cane.