针对和谐型大功率电力机车同轴车轮产生偏磨的问题，基于动力学软件SIMPACK建立机车动力学模型，利用基于磨耗数的损伤函数预测方法分析不同轴序、轮径差、曲线半径等工况对车轮踏面损伤的影响。结果表明：单个轴位或者多个轴位存在轮径差时，对2轴和3轴车轮踏面损伤影响较大，对1轴影响较小。对于不同数值轮径差，随着轮径差的增加，1轴右侧车轮踏面滚动接触疲劳损伤程度影响较小，左侧车轮踏面磨耗程度增加；2轴两侧车轮损伤程度降低；3轴左侧车轮剥离加重。左曲线工况下，R400工况，轮径差对各轴位磨耗和滚动接触疲劳影响更大；右曲线工况下，R800工况，轮径差对各轴位磨耗和滚动接触疲劳影响更大，左曲线和右曲线相比，左曲线工况下，轮径差对车轮踏面损伤影响更大。在曲线工况下，与曲线半径相比，轮径差对车轮踏面损伤的影响较小。

Aiming at the problem of coaxial wheel partial wear of HX high-power electric locomotive in China, the locomotive dynamics model was established based on the dynamics software SIMPACK, and the damage function prediction method based on wear number was used to analyze the influence of different coaxial sequence, wheel diameter difference, curve radius and other conditions on wheel tread damage. The results show that when there is wheel diameter difference in one axle or multiple axles, the influence on tread damage of 2-axle and 3-axle wheels is greater, and the influence on 1-axle wheels is less. For different values of wheel diameter difference, with the increase of wheel diameter difference, the impact of rolling contact fatigue degree on the right wheel tread of 1-axle is small, and the wear degree of the left wheel tread increases. The damage degree of wheel on both sides of 2-axle is reduced; the cracks of 3-axle left wheel are accentuated. Under left curve condition and R400 condition, wheel diameter difference has greater influence on the wear and rolling contact fatigue of each axle. Under right curve condition and R800 condition, wheel diameter difference has more influence on the wear and rolling contact fatigue of each axle. Compared with right curve condition, wheel diameter difference has more influence on wheel tread damage under left curve condition. Compared with curve radius, wheel diameter difference has less influence on wheel tread damage.