为了不断提高民航飞行学员养成训练过程中的有效性和科学性，客观量化飞行员的认知分配方式和认知负荷成为综合评价飞行操纵绩效的重要评估手段。设计一种基于模拟飞行软件结合屏幕眼动仪的多通道参数采集方法获取受试者执行矩形起落航线训练科目过程中的飞行参数和眼动数据，通过布林带理论建立飞行操纵绩效评价模型，重点从兴趣区注视时间百分比、静止注视熵和注视访问平均时间等数据维度出发分析飞行员的认知分配策略、认知灵活性与复杂性、认知负荷状态，对比不同操纵绩效的飞行员在起落航线的认知特征。结果表明：不同飞行绩效的飞行员认知特征基本一致，但飞行绩效优的飞行员表现为认知分配掌控精确性、状态稳定性和灵活性更佳，认知负荷水平更低，因任务难度变化引起的认知负荷波动更小。

In order to enhance the efficacy and scientific rigour of civil aviation flight trainees undergoing formative training, the objective evaluation of the pilot's cognitive allocation mode and cognitive load has emerged as a pivotal assessment instrument for the comprehensive evaluation of flight performance. A multi-channel parameter acquisition method was presented based on flight simulation software combined with on-screen eye-tracking instruments. This method was designed to obtain flight parameters and eye-tracking data during the execution of rectangular take-off and landing routes by training subjects. A flight performance evaluation model was established through the brillouin belt theory, focusing on the data on the percentage of time spent gazing at the area of interest, entropy of static gazing, and the average time of gazing visits were analysed to determine the cognitive flexibility and complexity, and cognitive load status of the pilots. The cognitive characteristics of pilots with different performances on the take-off and landing routes were then compared. The findings indicate that the cognitive characteristics of pilots with varying flight performance exhibits a high degree of similarity. However, pilots with superior flight performance demonstrate superior cognitive allocation control accuracy, state stability, and flexibility, as well as a lower cognitive load level and a reduced fluctuation of cognitive load in response to changes in task difficulty.