1g振动台试验（g为重力加速度）是指在常规重力条件下开展的振动台试验，是目前开展振动台试验的主流类型。在区分严格相似模型、应变失真模型的基础上，以控制方程法为主、量纲分析法为辅，从理论上推导了岩质边坡1g振动台试验中不同变形演化阶段这两种相似模型与原型间的相似关系，并确立了模型与原型达到相似所需的关键参数。通过开展数值试验，从岩质边坡固有振动特性和动力响应特征两个方面验证并评价前述建立起来的不同变形演化阶段、不同相似模型的相似关系。结果表明：利用严格相似模型以及应变失真模型均能推算出原型边坡的自振特性以及地震荷载下弹性变形阶段的动力响应特性；而在涉及大变形问题时，应使应变相似比接近或等于1。研究成果可为岩质边坡1g振动台试验相似关系设计、相似模型的选取提供参考。

1g shaking table test refers to the shaking table test carried out under conventional gravity conditions, which is the mainstream type of shaking table test at present. A distinction was made between strict similarity models and strain distortion models, primarily utilizing the control equation method with supplementary dimensional analysis. The similarity relationships between these models and the prototype during different deformation stages in rock slope 1g shaking table tests were theoretically derived, and the key parameters required to achieve similarity between the model and the prototype were established. Numerical tests were conducted to verify and evaluate the established similarity relationships for different deformation stages, considering the inherent vibration characteristics and dynamic response characteristics of rock slopes. The results indicate that both strict similarity models and strain distortion models can accurately calculate the natural vibration characteristics of the prototype slope and the dynamic response characteristics during the elastic deformation stage under seismic loads. However, for large deformation issues, it is recommended that the strain similarity ratio be close to or equal to 1. These research findings provide valuable references for the design of similarity relationships and the selection of similarity models in 1g shaking table tests for rock slopes.