基于典型聚焦稳定器的重力反演能较好地突出地下地质体的边界，但是，受聚焦因子的影响较大。指数型聚焦稳定器具有聚焦特性，而且，在一定程度上可以回避聚焦因子选择的问题，具有改善重力三维反演效果的潜质。此外，惩罚函数约束可以改善反演的多解性，将反演的物性值约束在一定范围内。基于此，为探索指数型聚焦稳定器和惩罚函数约束对重力三维反演的改善作用，将指数型聚焦稳定器和惩罚函数写入三维重力正则化反演目标函数，完成了有、无指数型聚焦稳定器及有、无惩罚函数约束的重力三维反演效果对比。模型试验表明：指数型聚焦稳定器可以较准确地还原异常体的物性和空间分布，但存在假异常和物性值超出真实值的情况，基于惩罚函数约束的指数型聚焦反演可以较好地改善此类情况，此外，惩罚函数约束的分区域处理可以提高解的准确性。上述情况表明，基于指数型聚焦稳定器和惩罚函数约束的反演方法具有一定的推广潜质。

The boundaries of underground geological bodies are effectively highlighted through gravity inversion based on a typical focusing stabilizer, but this process is significantly affected by the focusing factor. The focusing characteristics are possessed by the exponential focusing stabilizer. To a certain extent, the issue of selecting the focusing factor can be circumvented by it, and it has the potential to have improved the effectiveness of three-dimensional gravity inversion. Furthermore, the multiplicity of solutions in inversion can be improved by the constraint imposed by the penalty function, which confine the inverted physical property values within a certain range. Based on this, in order to explore the improvement effects on three-dimensional gravity inversion by the exponential focusing stabilizer and penalty function constraint, the exponential focusing stabilizer and penalty function were incorporated into the three-dimensional gravity regularization inversion objective function. Comparisons were made of the effects resulting from three-dimensional gravity inversion, both with and without the involvement of the exponential focusing stabilizer, as well as with and without the application of the penalty function constraint. Model experiments have demonstrated that: the physical properties and spatial distribution of anomalous bodies can be accurately restored by the exponential focusing stabilizer, but there exist instances where false anomalies arise and physical property values surpass the true values. Situations like these can be improved by the exponential focusing inversion that is based on penalty function constraints. Furthermore, the accuracy of the solution can be enhanced by the zonal processing of penalty function constraints. The above situation indicates that the inversion method based on the exponential-type focusing stabilizer and constrained by penalty functions has certain potential to be generalized.