为探索神经反馈训练在提升射击表现方面的应用效果和训练过程中的无应答者特性，开展一项用于提升射击表现的神经反馈训练（neurofeedback training for sport performance, SP-NFT）实验研究，招募20名受试者，进行2周4次的“巅峰”范式SP-NFT，采集受试者前、后测隐显目标射击表现和相关脑电（electroencephalograph, EEG）数据，检验SP-NFT对射击表现的提升效果、静息态EEG特征、SP-NFT期间正常组和无应答组EEG特性变化情况。结果表明：受试者后测射击成绩显著高于前测（P < 0.01），静息态theta频带功率显著降低（P < 0.01）；相对正常受试者，无应答者在SP-NFT期间的努力程度更高，theta频段功率和SMR功率的变化程度更低，SP-NFT能够有效提升受试者射击表现，进一步揭示了无应答者的相关生理机制。研究成果为用于提升射击表现的SP-NFT技术进一步发展提供理论支撑和实验证据。

In order to explore the effect of neurofeedback training on improving shooting performance and the characteristics of non-responders during neurofeedback training. A neurofeedback training for sports performance (SP-NFT) experimental research was conducted. Twenty subjects were recruited to conduct a "PEAK" paradigm 4 times a week SP-NFT, pre-and post-test disappearing target shooting performance and related electroencephalograph (EEG) data were collected, and the improvement effect of SP-NFT on shooting performance, changed in EEG characteristics and the characteristics of non-responder groups during SP-NFT were tested. The results show that the post-test shooting performance is significantly higher than that of the pre-test (P < 0.01), and the resting state theta frequency band power is significantly reduced (P < 0.01). Compared with the normal subjects, the non-response group has higher efforts and the variation degree of theta and SMR frequency band power are lower during the SP-NFT stage. It is concluded that the shooting performance of the subjects can be effectively improved by SP-NFT, and the related physiological mechanism of the non-response group is revealed. The research results can provide theoretical support and experimental evidence for the further development of SP-NFT technology for improving shooting performance.