为了增强水泥混凝土路面除冰效率，制备了吸波及疏水涂层，并在此基础上，构建了8种不同表面纹理，用于探究表面纹理、吸波材料对微波升温性能的影响。首先，以石墨为微波吸收剂，掺加纳米SiO₂制备了兼具疏水和吸波性能的水泥基涂层；通过机器学习改进铺砂法获得不同纹理的平均构造深度（mean texture depth, MTD）；为了评估MTD对微波升温效率、均匀性的影响，采用课题组自行研发的微波除冰车进行微波升温试验；同时，测试了普通及涂层混凝土表面的接触角，进行了冰-混凝土冰黏附性剪切试验，用于评价本文所制备涂层的除冰效果。最后，为了保证本文设计涂层的抗滑性能，还进行了表面抗滑摆值测试。结果表明：不同程度纹理和吸波涂层两者耦合作用增强水泥路面的吸波升温效率，但纹理对升温均匀性有负面影响；当MTD从0.41 mm（未处理表面）提高至2.11mm时，吸波涂层试件的吸波升温效率提高1.42倍。同时，涂层也显著增强了试件表面的接触角，接触角从25.5°提升至104°，进而冰黏附强度降低。当设计厚度为1.5 mm时，在满足抗滑性的同时涂层仍具有较好的吸波性能。

In order to enhance the de-icing efficiency of cement concrete pavement, wave-absorbing and hydrophobic coatings were prepared, on the basis of which eight different surface textures were constructed for exploring the effects of surface textures and wave-absorbing materials on microwave warming performance. Firstly, a cement-based coating with both hydrophobic and wave-absorbing properties was prepared by adding nano SiO₂. The mean texture depth (MTD) of the different textures was obtained by improving the sand-laying method through machine learning. In order to evaluate the effect of MTD on the microwave warming efficiency and homogeneity, a microwave de-icing vehicle, which is self-developed by the group, was used to carry out a microwave heating test. At the same time, common and ordinary surface textures were tested. In order to evaluate the effect of MTD on microwave warming efficiency and uniformity, the microwave de-icing vehicle developed by the group was used to carry out microwave warming test. At the same time, the water contact angle (WCA) of ordinary and coated concrete surfaces was tested, and ice-concrete ice adhesion shear test was carried out, which was used for evaluating the de-icing effect of coatings prepared in this paper. Finally, in order to ensure the anti-slip performance of the coating designed, the surface anti-slip pendulum value test was also carried out. The results show that the coupling of texture and wave-absorbing coating enhances the wave-absorbing heating efficiency of cement pavement with different degrees of texture, but the texture has a negative effect on the heating uniformity. When the MTD is increased from 0.41 mm (untreated surface) to 2.11 mm, the wave-absorbing heating efficiency of wave-absorbing coated specimens is increased by 1.42 times. At the same time, the coating also significantly enhanced the contact angle of the specimen surface, and the WCA increased from 25.5° to 104°, which in turn reduced the ice adhesion strength. When the design thickness is 1.5 mm, the coating still has good wave-absorbing properties while satisfying the slip resistance.