桩基础因其良好的水平受力特性，在基坑开挖支护体系中被广泛应用。相较于等截面面积的圆桩，矩形桩具有更强的水平荷载抵抗能力。本研究采用数值分析方法，比较了具有等截面面积的矩形桩和圆桩的水平承载力，并定量分析了矩形桩的水平承载力特性，探究了不同长宽比和泥皮厚度等因素对矩形桩承载能力的影响。结果显示，在相同条件下，矩形桩的水平承载力提高了12%以上。随着长宽比的增加，平均提升比率稳定在17%左右。然而，在存在泥皮的情况下，矩形桩的水平承载力低于没有泥皮的圆桩。因此，针对矩形桩的现场施工，需要采取相应的处理措施，为未来矩形桩的施工提供了有益参考。

Pile foundations, known for their distinct horizontal load-bearing characteristics, are widely utilized in excavation support systems for foundation construction. In comparison to circular piles with equal cross-sectional areas, rectangular piles exhibit superior resistance to horizontal loads. Finite element numerical analyses were conducted in this investigation to compare the horizontal bearing capacity of rectangular and circular piles with a same cross-sectional area. The horizontal bearing capacity characteristics of rectangular piles were quantitatively analyzed, in which the effects of aspect ratio and filter cake thickness on bearing capacity were investigated. Results demonstrate that under the identical conditions, rectangular piles show an increase in horizontal bearing capacity by over 12%. With the increase of aspect ratio, the improvement ratio in lateral resistance becomes stabilized at around 17%. However, in the presence of filter cake, the horizontal bearing capacity of rectangular pile is lower than that of circular pile with the same cross-section. Thus, appropriate measures should be implemented during the on-site construction of rectangular piles. This study provides valuable insights for future construction of rectangular piles.