盾构法隧道开挖过程中开挖面稳定性保持非常重要，开挖面稳定性下提升工程进度、保障工程质量等目标具有重要的工程意义。目前，针对开挖面稳定性下的多目标优化控制的研究不足。选择掘进效率作为工程进度的指标，选择掘进过程引起的最大地表沉降作为工程质量指标。采用分层序列法和NSGA-II多目标优化算法，将盾构开挖面稳定作为第一层优化目标，工程进度与工程质量作为第二层优化目标，研究盾构开挖面稳定下多目标优化。在一段连续穿越堤坝、空地、敏感建筑三个场景的施工隧道中应用本研究方法，结果表明，优化后的盾构推力维持在上下限区间内，提高了施工效率和减少了地表沉降。本文方法能够根据实际工况自适应的调整和优化控制策略，提高了在实际工程中的适应性和灵活性。为类似盾构隧道工程提供了参考和指导。

Ensuring stability of the excavation surface when using the shield method during tunnel excavation is crucial to achieve engineering goals related to project progress and quality. Insufficient research has been conducted on multi-objective optimal control when considering excavation surface stability. The excavation efficiency was selected as the indicator of project progress and the maximum ground settlement resulting from shield tunnelling activities was selected as the indicator of project quality. The stratified sequencing method and NSGA-II multi-objective optimization algorithm were used to explore multi-objective optimization pertaining to shield excavation surface stability. The research sets the shield excavation surface stability as the first layer objective and the project progress, and project quality as the second layer objectives. The technique was implemented in a construction tunnel segment that traverses embankment, open area, and sensitive building areas indefinitely. The findings demonstrate that the refined shield pressure remains within the upper and lower boundary thresholds, thereby boosting construction efficacy and mitigating max ground settlement. This approach enables the refinement and optimization of control strategies in response to prevailing working conditions adaptively, enhancing adaptability and flexibility. It also offers guidance and serves as a point of reference for similar shield tunnel projects.