为探究湖南省极端气候的时空变化特征及风险发生概率，基于湖南省32个气象站点1961—2017年逐日气象观测资料，选取12个极端降水指数和16个极端气温指数，利用线性倾向法、M-K趋势检验法、克里金插值等方法，对湖南省极端气候的时空变化特征进行探究，并采用信息扩散模型对湖南省极端气候风险进行评估，研究表明：近57年来湖南省极端降水指数总体变化趋势较为平缓，大多数极端降水指数在空间上呈东高西低、南高北低的分布。极端气温指数总体变化趋势呈显著变暖趋势，表征高温的指数在空间上呈东南向西北递减的趋势。对湖南省极端降水的风险评估显示，湘西北发生极端降水的风险更大，而湘东南的降水总量更多。对湖南省极端气温的风险评估显示，湘西北为持续高温的高风险地区，常德市发生极端高温的风险概率较大，为2 ~ 3 a一遇。

In order to explore the temporal and spatial variation characteristics and risk occurrence probability of extreme climate in Hunan Province, selecting 12 extreme precipitation indexes and 16 extreme temperature indexes based on the daily meteorological observation data of 32 meteorological stations in Hunan Province from 1961 to 2017, and the linear trend method, M-K trend test method, Kriging interpolation and other methods were used to explore the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of extreme climate in Hunan Province, and the information diffusion model was used to evaluate the extreme climate risk in Hunan Province. The research shows that in the past 57 years of Hunan Province, the overall trend of extreme precipitation indexes is relatively gentle, and most extreme precipitation indexes are spatially higher in the east and lower in the west, and higher in the south and lower in the north. The overall change trend of the extreme temperature index shows a significant warming trend, and the index representing high temperature showed a decreasing trend from southeast to northwest in space. The risk assessment of extreme precipitation in Hunan Province shows that the risk of extreme precipitation in northwestern Hunan is greater, while the total amount of precipitation in southeastern Hunan is greater. The risk assessment of extreme temperature in Hunan Province shows that northwest Hunan is a high-risk area with continuous high temperature, and Changde City has a high risk of extreme high temperature, which is about once every 2 or 3 years.