为探究不同植被覆盖对查干湖湿地土壤腐殖质的影响，以查干湖湿地为研究对象，从土壤环境与植物之间响应关系的角度出发，分析不同剖面、5种不同类型植被（芦苇 + 香蒲、芦苇 + 苔藓、碱蓬、水稗、芦苇）土壤腐殖质碳含量变化及其红外光谱结构特点。结果表明：盐碱湿地土壤中的腐殖质碳、胡敏酸碳、富里酸碳的含量变化趋势呈现深层大于浅层，胡敏素碳的含量远小于胡敏酸碳和富里酸碳，土层深度对于腐殖质组分影响明显，且不同植被土壤腐殖质碳含量总体呈现出芦苇 > 水稗 >碱蓬 > 芦蒲 > 芦苔的趋势；胡敏酸和富里酸在不同植被土壤中的化学结构相似，具有相同的官能团。研究结果对揭示盐碱湿地土壤腐殖质的形成与转化具有一定理论意义和实践意义，为查干湖盐碱湿地土壤环境修复及优势植被筛选提供基础数据及科学指导。

In order to explored the effects of different vegetation coverage on soil humus in Chagan Lake wetland, taking Chagan Lake wetland as the research object, from the perspective of the response relationship between soil environment and plants, the changes of soil humus carbon content and its infrared spectral structure characteristics of different profiles and five different vegetation types (reed + cattail, reed + moss, calymphus, paspalum, reed) were analyzed. The results show that the contents of humus carbon, humic acid carbon and fulvic acid carbon in the deep layer are larger than those in the shallow layer, and the contents of humin carbon are much smaller than those in the humic acid carbon and fulvic acid carbon. The soil depth has significant effect on the humus components, and the humus carbon content in the soil of different vegetation shows a trend of reed > paspalum > calcareous grass > reed cattail > reed moss. Humic acid and fulvic acid have similar chemical structure and same functional groups in different vegetation soils. The results of the study have certain theoretical and practical significance to reveal the formation and transformation of soil humus in saline-alkali wetland, and provide basic data and scientific guidance for soil environment restoration and screening of dominant vegetation in Chagan Lake saline-alkali wetland.