近年来，反应位移法在地下结构抗震分析中的应用渐趋广泛。简要介绍了反应位移法的基本原理和应用现状，从地层变形、地基弹簧和结构模型等关键因素的角度详细总结了反应位移法的发展过程和最新研究进展，厘清了方法的完善思路，指出地层-结构相互作用是影响计算精度的重要误差来源。此外，在上述基础上论述了当前反应位移法应用过程中存在的突出问题，提出了反应位移法在进一步拓展应用场景、提升结果代表性过程中需要深入研究的关键问题。

The application of response deformation method in aseismic analysis of underground structures is becoming more and more extensive in recent years. The basic principle and application status of response deformation method were briefly introduced. The development process and the latest research progress of reaction displacement method were summarized in detail from the perspective of key factors such as stratum deformation, foundation spring and structural model. Additionally, the research direction of the method improvement was clarified. It is pointed out that the interaction between strata and structures is an important source of error that affects calculation accuracy. In addition, based on the above, the prominent problems in the current application process of the reaction displacement method were discussed, and key issues that need to be further studied in the process of further expanding application scenarios and improving the representativeness of results were proposed.