To address the complex abrasion process of concrete materials in debris flow control engineering and the difficulty of conventional abrasion test methods in realistically reproducing the coupled effects of particle impact, cutting, and slurry scouring, a rotating drum-type debris flow abrasion testing apparatus and a corresponding standardized testing method is studied in this work. First, the applicability and limitations of traditional underwater abrasion tests, road abrasion methods, and modified underwater abrasion testing approaches are systematically analyzed, revealing their inability to simulate solid-liquid coupled abrasion of debris flow under high-concentration and multi-sized particle conditions. Based on the shear abrasion characteristics of debris flows, the debris flow abrasion testing apparatus consisting of a driving system, rotating drum unit, specimen holder, and control system is designed, enabling the coupled abrasion simulation of particle collision, rolling cutting, and slurry erosion. Furthermore, a preparation method for debris flow abrasive materials and the calculation procedures for key parameters are proposed, and a conversion relationship for abrasion velocity along with a test parameter analysis method is established. A detailed testing procedure is described, including specimen preparation, test process, and data acquisition. In addition, a comprehensive evaluation system is proposed, incorporating key indices such as mass loss, abrasion depth, abrasion rate, and abrasion morphological characteristics. The results demonstrate that the developed abrasion apparatus can realistically reproduce the dynamic characteristics and abrasion behavior of debris flow under laboratory conditions, enabling repeatable and quantitative evaluation of abrasion resistance of concrete caused by debris flow. The findings provide essential technical support for revealing the abrasion mechanism of concrete under debris flow condition and optimizing the anti-abrasion design of debris flow control structures.