The core hoisting equipment in oil drilling operations is the drilling rig winch, and its disc brake is a critical component for ensuring the winch"s braking performance. In extant analyses of the thermodynamic characteristics of drilling rig winch brakes, the effects of wear and the clearance between the brake discs and pad are often overlooked. This oversight often results in discrepancies between calculated results and actual operating conditions. The present study derives the brake pad advance velocity by calculating the hydraulic parameters and establishing four typical operating conditions through the equations of motion. These conditions are subsequently employed as boundary conditions within the constructed thermomechanical-wear coupled simulation model to assess the impact of brake pad wear and the gap between the brake pad and disc on the contact stress, temperature field, and stress field of the winch braking assembly. The findings suggest that wear effects have the potential to reduce the maximum contact stress of the brake pad and enhance the uniformity of its stress distribution. Additionally, these effects have been observed to significantly reduce the peak temperature and maximum stress of the brake disc. It has been noted that the outer radius region and leading edge of the brake pad exhibit more severe wear characteristics. Furthermore, an increase in clearance has been shown to result in a substantial rise in the temperature and stress levels of the brake disc.